flows from his mouth. For suppose one, even having grief in his fresh sorrowing spirit, pines away troubled at heart, yet if a minstrel, servant of the Muses, shall have chaunted the glories of men of yore, and the blessed gods, who hold Olympus, quickly does he forget his melancholy, nor does he at all remember his cares; and quickly have the gifts of the gods diverted them. Hail! daughters of Jove; and give the lovely song. And sing2 the sacred race of immortals ever-existing, who sprang from Earth and starry Heaven, and murky Night, whom the briny Deep nourished. Say, too, how at the first the gods and earth were born, and rivers and boundless deep, rushing with swollen stream,3 and shining stars, and the broad Heaven above; and the gods who were sprung from these, givers of good gifts; and say how they divided their wealth, and how they apportioned their honours, and how at the first they occupied Olympus with-its-many-ravines. Tell me these things, ye Muses, abiding in Olympian homes from the beginning, and say ye what was the first of them that rose. In truth then foremost sprang Chaos,5 and next broadbosomed Earth, ever secure seat of all the immortals, who inhabit the peaks of snow-capt Olympus, and dark dim Tartarus in a recess of Earth having-broad-ways, and Love, 1 δυσφρονέων ἐπιλήθεται. Matt. Gr. Gr. § 549. 6. p. 950. 2 Goettling deems the next ten lines spurious. V. Lennep maintains them, on the ground that Hesiod means to speak first of the eldest gods, offspring of Coelus and Terra, and also those born of Nox and Pontus (105-107); then how Cronus and the Titans, Terra, Pontus, Rivers, and Cœlus first existed (108-110); then the progeny of the elder gods, which conquered the Titans, took Olympus, and divided the spoil (111-113). Hesiod bids the Muses first tell this, and what of these was first, or before all these (114, 115). 3 ἀπείριτος. Od. x. 195. i. q. ἀπειρέσιος. οἴδματι θύων, rushing with swollen stream. Il. xxi. 234. 4 äpɛvoc, wealth of the gods. apɛvov, accusative. Op. et D. 24. Butm. Lexil. p. 177, derives it from an old adj. áøvòc, i. q. äp¤ovoc. Passow, from aπò and evoç, annual income. Cf. Annona. Doederlein, from ἀφύω, ἀφύσσω. Xáos, from xáw: hisco; capax sum. (Varro, de L. L. iv. ed. Bip. Cavum. V. Lennep.) p. 8. Broad-bosomed.] Earth was worshipped under this epithet at Æg. So Scholiast and Pausanias say. Tartarus and Eros. Pausan. (Boot. 27, § 2, p. 204, Tauch.) quotes this passage of Hesiod. "Epos, acc. epov, Homer, seems to be who is most beautiful among immortal gods, Love that relaxes the limbs,1 and in the breasts of all gods and all men, subdues their reason and prudent counsel. But from Chaos were born Erebus and black Night; and from Night again sprang forth Æther and Day, whom she bare after having conceived, by union with Erebus 2 in love. And Earth, in sooth, bare first indeed like to herself (in size) starry Heaven, that he might shelter her around on all sides, that so she might be ever a secure seat for the blessed gods: and she brought forth vast mountains, lovely haunts of deities, the Nymphs who dwell along the woodland hills. She too bare also the barren Sea,3 rushing with swollen stream, the Deep, I mean, without delightsome love: but afterward, having bedded with Heaven, she bare deep-eddying Ocean, Cæus and Crius, Hyperion and Iapetus, Thea and Rhea, Themis, Mnethe ancient form of "Epws, preserved by the Æolic dialect. Cf. Sappho, ap. Hephæst. c. vii. p. 42. 4 Avouens, limb-relaxing. Cf. Hom. Od. xx. 57; xxiii. 343. Ovid. Heroid. Ep. xiii. 15, Quando erit ut reducem cupidis amplexa lacertis Lucret., lib. i. 3-5, thus speaks of Eros under the name of Venus: Concelebrat, per quam quoniam genus omne animantum 2 "Epεßoc was vπò xlovòs. Theog. 669. Above Hades. A mythical being, son of Chaos, and father of Ether and Day by his sister Night. Chaos, Erebus, and Nox are joined, Ovid. Met. xiv. 414, Et Noctem, Noctisque deos Ereboque Chaoque Convocat. Virg. En. iv. 509, 510, Crínes effusa sacerdos Ter centum tonat ore deos, Erebumque Chaosque. 3 Hesiod's Oceanus was father of Rivers (Th. 337); Teλnes Tótαμos, (242,) whose springs, nya, are mentioned, (282,) and who is called by the river-epithet, Baludivns. Theog. 265. Op. et D. 171. Therefore he was son of Coelus and Terra; but Pontus, Пéλayos (mare salsum), only of Terra. Cæus, sire of Latona. Theog. 404. His worship seems peculiar to the Ægean. The word is derived from row, intelligo, or ków, turgeo. Pausan. (iv. 33) mentions a river of Messenia so called. -Crius; Deus eximiè potens; a koέw. Pausan. (vii. c. last) mentions a river in Achaia called after this Titan.-Hyperion, the same as Sol. I. viii. 480. Od. i. 8, 24. He is however called the father of Sol, Odyss. xii. 176, and son of Coelus and Terra. H. in Solem, 4.Iapetus. This name came into Greece from the East through his descendants. Hellen was one of these. Homer (Il. viii. 479) mentions Iapetus as shut up in Tartarus with Cronos. 5 mosyne, and Phoebe with golden coronet, and lovely Tethys.1 And after these was born, youngest, wily Cronus,2 most savage of their children; and he hated his vigour-giving 3 sire. Then brought she forth next the Cyclops, having an over-bearing spirit, Brontes, and Steropes, and stout-hearted Arges, who both gave to Jove his thunder, and forged his lightnings. Now these, in sooth, were in other respects, it is true, like to gods, but a single eye was fixed in their mid-foreheads. And they from immortals grew up speaking mortals, and Cyclops was their appropriate name, because, I wot, in their Thia, dea lucis. Márep 'Aλíov. Pindar, (in Isthm. v. 1,) writing in praise of an Æginetan, mentions her thus. Perhaps she was a sea-goddess, worshipped by the Æginetans, as a Dea Coelestis was by the Phoenicians.-Rhea, mentioned often by Homer, had a temple at Athens with Cronos. Cf. Pausan. i. 18, § 7.-Themis. Il. xv. 87. Ód. ii. 68. She was worshipped and had an oracle at Delphi. Pausan. x. 5, 3. Comp. Ov. Met. i. 34, Pyrrha et Deucal., Fatidicamque Themin, quæ tunc oracla tenebat. She had also a temple and image at Thebes, Pausan. ix. 25; and an altar at Olympia, v. 14.— Mnemosyne; cf. supra, 54.-Poiẞn, Luna, (Þoîßos, Sol,) mother of Asterie and Hecate, Theog. 408, 409, once had an oracle at Delphi. See Eschyl. Eumen. 4, 5.-Tethys, the nursing-mother of all things, the force of nature nurturing all creation with fruitful moisture. Il. xiv. 201, Ωκεανὸντὲ θεῶν γένεσιν, καὶ μήτερα Τηθύν. 2 Koóvos, (from epów, perficio); "Temporis et anni Deus, ut apud Lat. Janus." V. Lennep. Homer agrees with Hesiod in his banishment to Tartarus, effected by his son, Jove. His worship was at Mount Cronius, in Elis (Pausan. vi. 20); and he had a temple at Athens (i. 18, § 7). Oaλepòv is here used actively, in the sense of bloom-giving. 4 Cyclops. The earliest Greeks honoured the Titans as gods; the Cyclops as Otois vaλiykio: perinde ac gigantes. Cf. Hom. Odyss. vii. 205. They had an altar at Corinth, (Pausan. ii. 2, § 2,) gave name to the Cyclopian buildings at Tiryns, Mycena, and Argos, (cf. Pausan. ii. 16, § 4,) and, according to Homer and Thucyd., (vi. 2,) dwelt in Trinacria. Fitly were they called sons of Earth and Heaven, seeing that they built man's strongholds, and forged the bolts of Jove. Arges; so called " a candente fulmine." ὀμβριμόθυμον, the right reading, not ὀβριμόθυμον ; from μόριμος, μόρσιμος. Metath. ὄμριμος, ἔμβριμος ; hence μορμώ, μόρμορος. Cf. Butm. Lexil. p. 189, in voc. βλίττειν. ὄνομ ̓ ἦσαν. With ὄνομ ̓ ἐστὶ, and dative of the thing or person, and ὄνομ' ἔχει, the name is put in the nominative, as with ὀνομάζεσ eat, with which both phrases accord in signification. Not genitive or dative, as in Latin, "Est ei nomen Tullii," or Tullio. Odyss. vii. 54. Herod. ii. 17. But Kúkλwπeg ővoμ' ñóav here combines the foreheads one circular eye was fixed. Strength, force, and contrivances were in their works. But again, from Earth and Heaven sprung other three sons, great and mighty, scarce to be mentioned,' Cottus and Briareus and Gyas, children exceeding proud. From the shoulders of these moved actively an hundred hands, not brooking approach, and to each above sturdy limbs there grew fifty heads from their shoulders, Now monstrous strength is powerful, joined with vast size, For of as many sons as were born of Earth and Heaven, they were the fiercest,2 and were hated by their sire from the very first: as soon as any of these was born, he would hide them all, and not send them up to the light, in a cave of the earth, and Heaven exulted over the work of mischief, whilst huge Earth inly groaned, straitened as she was; and she devised a subtle and evil scheme. For quickly having produced a stock of white iron, she forged a large sickle, and gave the word to her children, and said encouragingly, though troubled in her heart: "Children of me and of a sire madly violent, if ye would obey me, we shall avenge the baneful injury of your father; for he was the first that devised acts of indignity." So spake she, but fear seized on them all, I wot, nor did any of them speak; till, having gathered courage, great and wily Cronus bespake his dear mother thus in reply: above construction (Matt. Gr. § 308) with Matt. Gr. § 305. Hoay attracted to KúκλwπEÇ is instead of "v. 4 1 οὐκ ὀνομαστοί : quos vix nominare audeas.-ἄφατοι. These were the Centimani.—Κόττος (κοώ, tumeo).-Βριάρενς (βαρίω, βρίω, gravo). -Túyns, or runs (yów, latè explico). Fúns, cf. 714, and Butm. Lexil. p. 2, not. 2, (Fishlake,) who says, "On the orthography of runs, left uncertain by Bentley, Hor. Od. II. xvii. 14, I am loth to speak decisively. Probably it is contracted from yviov." runs, the more proper and original form, is more agreeable to analogy. Túyns, a natural corruption from the Lydian name Gyges. Gyges, Hor. Od. II. v. 20; III. iv. 69. Ov. ii. Am. 1. 12; Fast. iv. 593; Trist. vii. 18. Briareus, Virg. Æn. vi. 287, called by others, after Homer, Ægeon. They were the fiercest,] viz. the Centimani and Cyclopes. yap refers to the description of them just before. 2 3 πάντας αποκρύπτασκε, κ. τ. λ., is for πάντας ἀποκρύπτασκε γαίης ἐν κευθμῶνι, καὶ ἐς φάος οὐκ ἀνίεσκε : ita in recondito Terra sinu abdidit, ut in lucem adire nullo modo possent. For examples of the like construction, see Theog. 551, notes. 4 White iron.] Cf. Scut. 231. Hor. Od. I. vi., Quis Martem tunicâ tectum adamantina, Dignè scripserit. 5 Kedvý, dear. Il. ix. 586. Od. x. 225. Butm. Lexil. p. 119, note 6, voc. ἀνήνοθε. "Mother, this deed at any rate I will undertake and accomplish, since for our sire, in sooth, of-detested-name,' I care not ; for he was the first that devised acts of indignity." Thus spake he, and huge Earth rejoiced much at heart, and hid and planted him in ambush in his hand she placed a sickle with jagged teeth,2 and suggested to him all the stratagem. Then came vast Heaven bringing Night with him, and, eager for love, brooded around Earth, and lay stretched, I wot, on all sides: but his son from out his ambush grasped at him3 with his left hand, whilst in his right he took the huge sickle, long and jagged-toothed, and hastily mowed off the genitals of his sire, and threw them back to be carried away behind him. In nowise vainly slipped they from his hand; for as many gory drops as ran thence, Earth received them all; and when the years rolled round,5 she gave birth to stern Furies, and mighty giants, gleaming in arms, with long spears in hand, and Nymphs whom men call Ashnymphs,7 (Meliæ,) over the boundless earth. But the genitals, as after first severing them with the steel he had cast them into the heaving sea from the continent, so kept drifting long time up and Of detested name.] dvowvúμov, hateful to hear named. Il. vi. 255; xii. 116, poipa dvowvvμoç. Odyss. xix. 571, Hóc. The o in ὄνομα is lengthened in δυσώνυμος, just as e is in νηκερδής, ratione rythmica.' See Goettling. 66 2 Kapxapódovтa, with jagged teeth, like a saw; akin to xapáσow. Cf. II. x. 360. 3 ὠρέξατο (understand τῶν Οὐρανοῦ μηδέων) χειρὶ σκαιῇὀρεγέσθαι Tivi Tivós, is, "to reach with something, or some part of the body towards something.' Compare Hom. Il. iv. 307, ëyxε ópežáσ0w, sc. αὐτοῦ. Il. xxiii. 99, ὠρέξατο χερσὶ φίλησιν. Behind.] So Pyrrha and Deucalion were bidden to do. Ossaque post tergum magnæ jactate parentis. Ov. Met. i. 383. Cf. ibid. 393. S περιπλομένων, “ volventibus annis;” περιτελλόμενος ἐνιαυτὸς is annus vertens," πepiπdóμevos iv: annus inversus. Goettling. ὁ ἐρινῦς, from ἐριννύειν, furere. ὅτι τῷ θυμῷ χρῆσθαι καλοῦσιν ἐρινvúεlv oi Apkádεç. Pausan. viii. 25, § 4. The same writer, i. 28, § 6, quotes this passage to identify the oeuvai Ota of Athens with the Erynnyes. 1 Μελίας, ashnymphs, as Δρύαδες were oaknymphs; from μελία, an ash. Cf. Callim. H. in Jov. 47, Aikтałaι Meλiai. H. in Del. 80, avτóxýwv Meλíŋ. They were nine in number, Helice, Cynosura, Arethusa, Ida, Cromne, Britho, Calano, Adrastea, Glauce. Tzetz. ad Op. et D. 144. There seems no authority for supposing Epirus is here meant, |