(knowing well the taste to which he must cater, and the calibre to which he must adapt his argumentation) then gives, by way of a sop to Cerberus, a running notice of the policy adopted by the Anglo-Indian Government of the country, in relation to the exclusion of the natives of the soil from places of high trust or large (direct) emolument. While he admits, that "no other nation of men has ever exercised such moderation and justice in the government of a conquered country as the English," he yet asserts, "1st, That it is a fact in history, that no country has ever been altogether well and happily governed by its conquerors, and that it is impossible, indeed, it should be. 2dly, That it has been with a view to enrich their own servants, though at the cost, to the governed, of wealth, prosperity, and improvement, that the English Government have so rigidly excluded from all offices of emolument and responsi bility the natives of the soil. 3dly, That, during the whole period of British rule, the practice of all Government servants, judges, and collectors, civil and military, &c. alike, has been to make the acquisition of a fortune, with which to return to their father-land as soon as possible, their grand aim. That hence has India, through its vast extent, suffered a perpetual drain, to the enrichment of a small island in the west of Europe, and those resources of the country only have been sought out and applied, which have tended directly to augment the revenue, while internal improvement has been ever a secondary object, if at all attended to." Such is the general strain of remark; the particular grievance, however, and that whose mention is calculated on to propitiate the desired native patronage, is the non-employment of the natives in high judicial, revenue, magisterial, and even legislative functions. "Why," he asks, "should they be confined to those inferior employments, which furnish merely the means of subsistence, while they possess powers which might be brought into effective and advantageous play at the Council Board, in the Law Commission, on the judicial and magisterial benches?" nay, he takes a yet more soaring flight, and "dares to assert, that if the respectable natives were in power through the country, the condition of its population would, without a shadow of doubt, be superior to what it is!" He will not, indeed, absolutely undertake to decide whether the English have resolved, or not, to keep "the respectable natives of the country from reaching great affluence or higher power;" but he conceives that Government takes far too great praise to itself for having thrown up some of the inferior judicial and revenue offices to native assistants, and trusts they will, in process of time, widen to them the range of admission to office still further. Apprehending, however, that the tenor of these remarks might lead to the conclusion that he wishes for the passing away of the British dominion in India into the hands of the sons of the soil, —an event which he professes unambiguously and most sincerely to deprecate, on the ground that no other people equal the English in political and governmental policy and intelligence-he avers that all he desires is only to see natives every where associated with them in all the offices of administration! He is aware, it seems, that the strong, and in our opinion impregnable, ground of objection to yet throwing open the doors of office generally to native competition, is the fact of their incompetent education and defect of patriotic and moral principle. This fact he does not attempt to disprove by argument-he could not, and therefore dared not;—it is too glaringly notorious to admit of being so set aside; witness the numerous instances of peculation, corruption, and oppression, practised in those lower offices of munsiff, &c., and the many consequent deprivations that have taken place. Yet he boldly, it must be owned, asserts-writing, however, for natives in the native

language that even this fact is, on his ipse dixit, to be held nought; that it is a clear mistake; and that there is a quantum sufficit of intelligence, knowledge, literature, acquirement, patriotism, and moral honesty existing among the respectable natives, to qualify them for an able and judicious, impartial and honourable, and every way advantageous administration of every department of government throughout the whole country; whereas, the consequence of their exclusion is, everywhere, the unchecked operation of a partiality, in European functionaries, highly injurious to the sons of the soil.

All this may he very well for a newspaper proprietor and editor, who merely sceks to extend his credit and circulation among his money-loving and ignorant countrymen; but to do them or the country at large real service, demands a very different line of policy indeed; one which would fulfil the promise of the projector of this "Dawn of Intelligence," to seek" their real good, by telling them as well of their faults as of their merits." We counsel him, then, to urge upon them the practice of domestic education; the establishment and support of village and other schools on an extended scale; the employment of the zeal and active patriotism for which he so generously gives them credit, in drawing out the many almost untouched resources of the country; the expenditure of their numerous overgrown capitals, in the building of bridges, the formation of roads and canals, the better cultivation of their many immense estates, the improvement of the physical condition of their miserable ryots, by encouraging them to build better huts, to wear better clothing, to eat better food, and by setting them examples of cleanliness, industry, and orderliness; instead of lavishing princely sums on impudent buffoons and licentious dancing girls; on indecent nautches, silly marriage ceremonials, and worse than useless shràddhas, or in feeding lazy brahmins, wandering vagabonds, and itinerant beggars, while grinding the honest labourers on the soil, at the loom, and in the shop, or vainly displaying a puerile and gaudy pomp of tinsel dress, elephant trappings, and idle retainers; instead of doing, in short, nothing really honourable to themselves or beneficial to the country, while abusing their foreign masters to whom alone, with all their faults, (and we should be the last to cloak, the first to expose and reprove these) they owe all the happiness they possess, a happiness never, in any former period of authentic Indian history, the portion of its inhabitants-full protection to life, person, and property, with a liberty, moreover, to speak almost as they list, and even to abuse to their heart's content those who are at once, under Providence, their conquerors, their masters, and their benefactors.

Over and above the editorials, the specimen of the paper before us exhibits the usual variety of police and Adawlut reports, accounts from the various courts and residences, new enactments, public appointments, rumours, accidents, state of the weather, prospects of indigo, rice, and other harvests, domestic occurrences, &c.

The Probhákar must be noticed, as one of the better issues from the native press. Its earlier numbers contain much well-managed and biting satire, while its very later ones give to the public the moral essays or addresses delivered in the Tattwabodhini Sabha. These are beautifully written; they are the better moralizings of a select few of the followers of Rám Mohun Roy, who disclaim idolatry and profess a species of Theophilanthropism, which indeed is the ne plus ultra of the purest Hindu philosophy-not unamiable, but powerless,

The prices of these papers are moderate; by far the cheapest, estimated by the large quantity of its letter-press and the usefulness of its contents together, is the Purnuchandrodoy; it has also the most extensive circulation. Latterly,

No. 5 and 10 are published daily, Sundays excepted; No. 2 twice a week; the rest weekly. Nos. 1, 3, 6, are published in English and Bengalee; the rest in Bengalee only.

* These papers have revived after a period of abeyance.

† A specimen only of this paper has been published.

The real friends of India will do well to pay more attention to them.* and prudently watched over, they will as necessarily prove most mischievous. fully influential for extensive benefit to native society, whilst if not diligently productions require only notice and encouragement to be rendered most powertoo, it has much improved, and deserves all encouragement. Indeed these

From the Calcutta Christian Observer for February 1840.

JACKSON AND SCOTT'S "LIFE OF THE DUKE OF

WELLINGTON."*

ΤΙ E opinion which the British nation entertains of the Duke of Wellington, as a statesman, as well as a military commander, if it were not to be ascertained by still more unerring criteria, might be inferred from the avidity of the public to possess a history of this illustrious individual even before his career has terminated, and whilst his political services, at least, are still available to his country. Several biographies of the Duke of Wellington, whose personal history embraces a large and important portion of the modern history of Europe, have recently appeared, the materials, since the publication of his Grace's despatches, being ample. Of these works, that by Major Jackson and Captain Scott has most attracted our notice, from the care with which it is compiled, the original information it embodies (especially with reference to the campaign of 1815 and the great battle of Waterloo), the perspicuity of the narrative, and the sober tone which prevails in those parts where injudicious writers might have been tempted to run riot.

The work, which extends to two moderate-sized volumes, commences with a brief sketch of the early history of the illustrious hero, his rapid rise in the army, and his entrance upon actual service on the Continent, as lieutenant-colonel of the 33d, at the age of twenty-four. The disasters of that campaign offer a strong contrast to the almost uniform success which gilded the career of Wellington as a commander. In 1795, his regiment was ordered to the West Indies, where it might have remained in inglorious inactivity; but a tempest having dispersed the fleet, the regiment returned, and next year embarked for the East Indies, where its lieutenant-colonel laid the foundation of his brilliant military reputation. On his return to England, in 1805, he became a member of Parliament, and in 1807 was made Secretary for Ireland, which office he relinquished almost immediately on being appointed to a command in the expedition to Copenhagen. In 1808, he resumed his parliamentary duties, and also the post of Irish Secretary, till the revolution in Spain led to the preparation of a British force to assist the Spanish Patriots, "and, fortunately for England," observe our authors, 66 we may say, indeed, for the world, the command of the expedition was, at the instance of Lord Castlereagh, entrusted to Sir Arthur Wellesley." From this period commences the series of stirring and momentous transactions, which, under the direction of Providence, and by the instrumentality of the Duke, liberated Europe from bondage, placed the British arms upon the very apex of renown, and cast a halo of lustre round the name of Wellington.

We strongly recommend this Military Life of the great Duke.†

The military Life of Field-marshal the Duke of Wellington, K.G. &c. &c. &c. By Major BASIL JACKSON and Captain C, RоCH FORT SCOTT. London. Longman and Co. 1840. Two vols.

We may take this occasion of noticing an admirable portrait of the Duke, painted by Mr. Lucas in November last, to be presented by his Grace to the University of Oxford, which has recently been exhibited by Mr. Moon, of Threadneedle-street. It is a splendid picture, and a most faithful likeness, representing the illustrious personage in his Chancellor's robes. The portrait is to be engraved by Cousins, and it is stated that it will be the last for which the Duke will sit.

ANALECTA SINENSIA.-No. II.

THE DRAGON KING'S DAUGHTER.*

THE dragon king, or Lung wang, is the Neptune of Chinese mythology, or Davy Jones of English nautical tradition. The following little tale is exceedingly pantomimical in its character, and curious in its working. Similar stories of the loves of mortals with water spirits are rife among the Arabic writers, the German and Irish legends. Although not stated in the text, Mei heang and Tsuy ho must be the sisters of Keung leen. The names of the parties are as usual significant; thus Keung leen means the 'ruby-lilly;' Mei heang, 'the 'fragrance of the plum tree;' and Tsuy ho, the blue nenuphar.'

"In days of yore, there was one Chang yu, who was surnamed Pa-shing. He was a Hoo-chow man by descent, and dwelt on the sea-shore, in the Shihfuh temple,+ addicted to study, and fond of playing a tune on the sevenstringed lute, during the stillness of the moonlight. At that time, the third daughter of the dragon king of the eastern sea, whose name was Keung-lëen, as she roamed along the sea-shore, together with Mei heang and,Tsuy ho, hearing the sound of music in the temple, pensively listened, and was moved by the strains. Being naturally gay as the spring, she approached the studywindow, looked in, and saw that Chang yu was very different from the longteethed, moving-clawed, and scaly tribe of the crystal palace. She then became desirous of uniting herself in marriage to him, and gently knocked at the door. Chang yu came out, and beholding a beauty capable of subverting the world, airy and graceful as a flying fairy, his soul melted, and he bowed, eagerly inquiring her name. The young lady, opening her red lips, deliberately replied, 'I am the third daughter of the dragon tribe, and my name is Keung leen; perceiving your music, and listening to the strains of your lute, I came here. May I presume to inquire your name?' Chang yu, who was filled with inexpressible delight and pleasure, replied, as if he was reading a book, 'My name is Chang yu. I am surnamed Pa shing, and am of the Hoo-chow family. I am twenty-three years of age, and was born on the hour of the fifth day of the eighth month, and am not yet married.' The young lady smiled in a pleasing manner, together with Tsuy ho; and Chang yu, seeing her smile twice in an assenting manner, said, 'This is a true account of myself; yet since you smile, may I presume to ask you in to take tea? Should you condescend to examine into the truth of it, this moonlight night, in the felicity of a hundred years could I not but remember it.' Keung leen replied, 'I have a father and mother at home, how can I dispose of myself? If you are not unwilling, you should demand me in marriage at my father's palace. I have a fillet woven by the ocean silk-worms, and embroidered by the fish whose eyes drop pearls-the greatest pledge of my constancy; if you will bring this pledge to the dragon palace, on the autumnal day of the eighth month, I will claim you for my bridegroom.' She then took the fillet, delivered it to him, and retired in perfume.

"Chang yu came out of his study, and looked about, but saw no trace of her. The fillet alone remained in his hands; it was white as snow, and exhaled an unusual fragrance. He knew it was a superhuman thing, and he pondered with himself, How can she have flown to the dragon palace? Should I take the trouble to go there before I have inquired into the bottom of this? I am

* From the Se hoo shih wei, ch. 34.

†The rock of Buddh,'