yet wise and virtuous woman he loved, and delighted in all pure and unblamable conversation with them." From Time. UNSER FRITZ. A strange concordia discors, the superfi- Ат a moment when the German Empire cial features so like, the basis of principle is on the eve of an immense catastrophe, and life so widely different: Lord Her- far greater even than is generally sup bert impulsive, passionate, amorous, sceptical, devoted to secularities, all things to all men Colonel Hutchinson self-restrained, disciplined, loving, trustful, careless of little things, throughout sincere, appearing as he was; and yet both men, keen and earnest littérateurs, and students, sportsmen, and men of the world, loving conversation and good society and all graceful amusements; but the former finding the "play and wilfulness" of life the real object of his existence, and dallying with philosophy and literature when the former became impossible, the latter anchored to a rock that he found to be eternal, and recognizing the permanent in things, though he called it by stern and hard names, which modern men reject, little knowing that they are only differently describing the same thing. Though the perusal of Colonel Hutchinson's n's biography stirs the yearning for increased reality in life, yet the region where he found it and the names by which he described his treasure will not satisfy that yearning now, and though the book may be the story of a higher search for truth than the autobiography, yet in the latter there are many things which excite in us the craving for ideals that are not, and ways of life that we have left. Our modern gentlemen continue to think the graceful arts of the body great and worthy things; but they seem to have forgotten that life has an intellectual side at all. It is no longer thought advisable to get understanding, though those who have it are generously and genuinely admired by the hardier votaries of horse and gun; far be it for me to allege the contrary. But until it is more generally realized that man does not live by bread alone and our richer classes are the only people in the country who have the paid leisure sufficient to put that knowledge into practice - we shall continue to be a shallow nation. "Englishmen will not do anything until they are obliged" is becoming our character abroad; and though ἀντάρκεια by itself is a noteworthy charac teristic, and excites a superficial admiration, it is not a noble one. We cannot stand still, the way has still to be won; disciplined vigor, restrained enthusiasm, are the keys of the fortress of heaven. ARTHUR BENSON. posed, some observations from one whose relatives have, during the past century, filled numerous important posts in the household of the Prussian royal family, may prove of interest. They have reference to a life cherished and honored by all who glory in being German subjects, and whose hearts are clouded by the sufferings of one so dear to them all. There is no exaggeration in stating that the crown prince is the beau idéal of all that is finest, noblest, and best in the German race. "A tall, handsome, noble-looking man, with an elegant figure, light brown hair, and a straw-colored beard, with a most chivalrous and yet somewhat grave courtesy and a dignified manner - a Teuton, in fact, such as Tacitus describes," - this is the portrait which the empress Eugénie draws of him when writing to her friend, Countess Walewski. And certainly all Englishmen who remember him in the recent Jubilee procession must have recalled the figure of Lohengrin. His name, his appearance, and his character are famous throughout the world; they are as familiar in Japan and China as in America and Europe. No breath of scandal has ever tarnished his fair fame, either as officer, gentleman, or citizen. The highest testimony in his favor is probably the fact that the French, with all their intense vindictiveness against the Germans, have neither uttered nor published a single unfavorable remark about him, and, although one of the principal leaders of the invading army in 1870, his present illness has drawn forth great expressions of sympathy from France, and remedies have been forwarded by French people for his recovery. A singularly devoted, faithful husband, his undisguised admiration for his clever, talented wife has given rise to the rumor that he is entirely subservient to her will. Those who make this assertion know the prince but little. Every one who has had the opportunity of becoming acquainted with the strongly defined features of his sterling and upright character will readily admit the falsity of such an allegation. Few royal parents have ever devoted themselves more completely to their children, and no children have ever reciprocated affection more tenderly than his. Never was depth and intensity of feel- | into the classroom, sat down and began to ing more strikingly displayed than at the listen attentively to the lessons. funeral of Prince Waldemar, a bright, promising, and lovable boy of twelve, the favorite child of "Unser Fritz" and his wife. Few of those who were present on March 29th, 1879, in the Friedenskirche at Potsdam will forget the scene. When the services had ended, and the choir were singing the solemn hymn, "When once I shall depart, Lord, do not depart from me," the crown-prince walked up to the coffin and threw himself on his knees at the feet of his much loved child. Quietly and gently the empress and her daughter, the grand duchess of Baden, stole up and knelt down beside him. After about ten minutes he arose, pressed a long kiss on the velvet-covered lid of the coffin, and, having assisted his mother to rise to her feet, gently led her out of the church, the tears meanwhile streaming down his face. It is a moving thing to see a man weep, especially when the mourner is so heroic a specimen of manhood as the crownprince, and there were few dry eyes in that church. Those who, like myself, have had frequent opportunities of seeing the crownprince in civilian dress will have noticed that he always wears a little silver coin mounted as a scarf-pin in his cravat. Remarking one day that the person with whom he was conversing observed this pin with a look of curiosity, he pulled it out of his scarf, and said, "This little silver coin is one of three which were unearthed in an old Roman grave in the presence of my three boys. I had the three coins mounted as pins for them to remind them of the occasion, and when my little Waldemar died I took possession of his and have worn it ever since." The crown-prince's relations with the Kaiser, his father, are of the most affectionate nature, and nothing is more touching than the tender and respectful manner in which he raises the old gentleman's hand to his lips. Innumerable anecdotes, sufficient indeed to fill volumes, are extant with regard to his conduct towards his inferiors, showing his kindness of heart and consideration for others. The difficulty is to make a selection of those at my disposal. Probably the prettiest one is that of the schoolmaster at Bornstedt, a little village on his own estate near Potsdam. The crown-prince one day passing the village schoolhouse stopped, made his way Suddenly a telegraph messenger ap peared, handing the teacher a despatch announcing that his mother was danger ously ill and wished to see him before her death. The crown-prince, noticing the master's blanched face, immediately inquired what was the matter, and on hearing the fact, bade the poor man hasten to the dying mother's bedside, saying that he himself would look after the school until arrangements could be made for obtaining a substitute during the master's absence. Accordingly, for more than two hours the crown-prince took sole charge of the school, rapping the idle good-humoredly over the knuckles and rewarding the diligent, until the arrival of the village parson for the purpose of holding his weekly Bible-class. By the afternoon a substitute had been found, but the prince continued to superintend matters personally with the strict est industry until the regular master returned after the funeral of his mother. At court dinners I have frequently seen him, when the guests had risen from the table, call up the pages of honor, mostly boys of noble birth belonging to the cadet school, who had been helping in the service, and after chatting merrily with them for a few minutes, take the sweetmeats and bonbons from the table, stuff them into the boys' pockets, occasionally into their mouths, sometimes even cramming the latter, and then ask some question demanding immediate reply. Nothing could be more ludicrous than to observe the frantic efforts of the cadet to make a fitting answer while his mouth was closed by sticky delicacies, much to the amusement of Unser Fritz. His appearance at the swimming estab lishment of the Guards regiment at Potsdam was always hailed with delight. It was the signal for a series of aquatic larks. A splendid swimmer and expert diver, his great pleasure was getting a crowd to assemble on the raft floating in mid-stream, and then capsizing himself and those with him pellmell into the water. Few people are aware of the terrible danger he incurred in June, 1874, when out driving in the outskirts of Potsdam, near the Wildpark station. Whilst passing across the rails, suddenly the heavy barriers, which are worked at a considerable distance, were let down on the approach of the express train. His carriage was thus caught between the two closed barriers, and it was only by the most superhuman efforts that he was able to raise one of them and get the vehicle off the track before the train rushed by. One of the most marked features in his character has always been the total absence of fear, which was the principal or main point during the terrible days of the war of 1870. No fear would keep him back, and his noble bearing in leading his men was the chief cause of the hearty manner in which the Bavarians and southern troops under his command forgot their hereditary aversion to Prussia and so thoroughly co-operated with the Prussian soldiers. How nobly has his courage, based on confidence and trust in God, shown itself during this last sore trial, when, after insisting on being told the truth respecting his terrible malady, the crown-prince retired in solitude for an hour, and then came forward to greet the physicians with the words, "I commend myself to God"! He alone preserved cheerfulness in the gloomy time of this trying decision. He is now sustained by the prayers of his people, that a life so valued and cherished by all may be yet spared, to the welfare of his country. Surely if, as Carlyle maintained, a king implies a könning, or "one who can," Unser Fritz is a prince not only by birthright but by virtue. ONE WHO KNOWS HIM. From Public Opinion. THE PEACE-LOVING MENNONITES. AMID the fertile meadows of Friesland, in east Holland, near the town of Bolsward, there stood for many centuries a flourishing abbey, bearing the name of the Oldeclooster. In 1535 it was the scene of a terrible conflict. A party of three hundred excited Anabaptists, headed by one Peter Holtsagher, and accompanied by many women and children, marched upon the abbey, took the monks by surprise, and expelled them from their comfortable dwelling. The abbot appealed to the governor of Friesland for help, and a regiment of soldiers, with artillery, soon appeared upon the scene. The Anabap tists, refusing to surrender, were subjected to a siege of several days; but at length they were overpowered, and the victors took cruel vengeance upon them. A gallows was erected outside the abbey, on which twenty-four of the Anabaptists were at once hanged, fifteen more were behead ed, and the rest of the men were slaughtered in various ways. The women and girls were taken to Leeuwarden, and drowned in the canal, close to the old guardhouse, which is still to be seen by the visitor to that city. Amongst the victims of this massacre was an Anabaptist named Simonsz, whose brother Menno, then a Roman Catholic priest, witnessed his death. This scene made a profound impression upon Menno. It gave him a lifelong horror of war and of every form of either offensive or defensive fighting. He admired the zeal and fervor of the Anabaptists so much that he became convinced of the truth of some of their leading principles, and, leaving the Roman Church, joined their body. But he would have nothing to do with arms thenceforth. After what he had witnessed, his whole soul shrunk with detestation from every kind of resort to the sword. He saw that both the Anabaptists and the German Reformers generally had made a great mistake in resorting to force for the propagation and defence of their religious tenets. Menno, therefore, advocated a policy of non-resistance and of absolute reliance on the divine protection, and on the convincing power of truth in itself. But most of his contemporaries were unprepared for such a doctrine as this. The Anabaptists, like the Cromwellian Puritans of the following century, were active partisans of Jewish and Old Testament modes of dealing with their enemies; so Menno had to withdraw from his new friends. On the other hand, the German Reformers treated him with even more decided contempt, so that speedily poor Menno found himself, like his divine Master, "despised and rejected of men.” A price was set upon his head, and for a long period he was literally a fugitive and a wanderer upon the earth. But he steadfastly adhered to his pacific convictions, and gradually his gentle, loving spirit and his fidelity, at any price, to non-resistance principles, attracted to him the love and respect of a few friends, who entreated him to become their minister and teacher. The number of these adherents increased, in spite of persecution. Amongst their bitter opponents was Martin Luther; but another German, a warrior nobleman, of Holstein, Count Ahlefeld, was so struck with admiration of the meek but brave heroism of Menno, that he offered him an asylum on his own estate, near Hamburg. There, sheltered from all foes, whether Catholic or Protestant, Menno spent the last few years of his life, and there, at the or elsewhere. But the young Mennonites, in general, have, since 1867, been placed on the same footing, as to the conscription, with other Germans. And it must be confessed that these Mennonite youths have, in most instances, shown that they had not been trained to prize the convictions of their forefathers; their peace principles had already been widely relaxed. In 1870, hundreds of them willingly took up arms against France. This circumstance is recorded by a modern Mennonite historian, Mr. Max Schön, with gratification. And he adds, that he, like his brothers of the sect, was proud to take a part in what he terms "that glorious age of sixty-three, he peacefully died, in 1559 (just after the accession of Queen Elizabeth to the English throne). He had become the founder of a Church of many thousand adherents, who became known by the name of Mennonites, and, as such, retain an organized existence to the present day. They have chiefly inhabited Friesland, north Germany, and the Vosges Mountains, west of the Rhine; but under the stress of occasional interference with their scruples, many of them have emi grated, in the first place to south Russia, and more recently to the United States and Manitoba. Menno's views strikingly resembled and anticipated those of the Society of Friends, who came into exist-war against the hereditary enemy of the ence nearly one hundred years after his decease. The Mennonites have contributed so largely to local and civic prosperity, in various districts, that even German emperors and Russian czars have invited them to settle in their dominions, on the express condition that they should, amongst other privileges, enjoy absolute exemption from military service. The Prussian king, in 1847, manifested some disposition to curtail their privileges, but at length, in 1867, Bismarck and the present emperor took the decisive step of withdrawing from the German Mennonites their exemption from the conscription and from military obligations. But in recognition of their past services to the State, certain alleviations of this rigorous order were permitted. In a few instances, hospital or other unarmed public service was allowed in lieu of joining the army; and in other cases, faithfully conscientious members of the sect were permitted special facilities for emigration to America German nation." But some of the Mennonites, elsewhere, have been faithful to their earlier convictions. Especially in south Russia, where also the modern government has withdrawn the former privileges of exemption from military service, many hundreds of the sect have quietly refused to comply, and, in consequence, have emigrated to America, chiefly to Manitoba, where they have carried their great skill in the cultivation of hemp, which, whilst they lived in Russia, had been so profitable to the resources of that empire. But now their Manitoban hemp trade is becoming a formidable rival to the Russian commerce in the same material. It was a very foolish policy on the part of the Russian government, thus to drive away such profitable subjects. Many Mennonites still remain in Holland, especially in Friesland, where they retain much of the religious earnestness of their forefathers. CURIOUS OBSERVATIONS ON THE GROWTH | approaches the growth of the heart again OF THE HEART. - Dr. Benecke, of Marburg, has made known his curious observations on the growth of the human heart, the fact appearing that the increase is greatest and most rapid during the first and second years of life, its bulk at the end of the second year being exactly double what it originally was; between the second and seventh years it is again almost doubled. A slower rate of growth now sets in, until about the fifteenth year, the augmentation of volume during the intervening seven or eight years being only about twothirds. In the period of maturity which now makes progress, the increase keeping pace with the advance toward maturity of the other portions of the system. After the fifteenth year, up to the fiftieth, the annual growth is about 061 of a cubic inch, the increase ceasing with the fiftieth year, a slight diminution then ensuing. Again, in childhood the male and female heart are alike; after maturity, the male heart develops more than the female, and the difference between the two that is thus established - one and a half to two cubic inches is said to be maintained throughout the remainder of life. Knowledge. For EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the LIVING AGE will be punctually forwarded for a year, free of postage. Remittances should be made by bank draft or check, or by post-office money-order, if possible. If neither of these can be procured, the money should be sent in a registered letter. All postmasters are obliged to register letters when requested to do so. Drafts, checks, and money-orders should be made payable to the order of LITTELL & Co. Single Numbers of THE LIVING AGE, 18 cents. |