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Condition of the Catholics in England
And in Scotland
Measures relating to Unitarians, Arians, and Sceptics
Rapid growth of religious indifferentism in England
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328
336
337
339
CHAPTER III.
Monotony of English party politics. Tories still esteemed Jacobite 342
Policy and partial restoration of Bolingbroke
Schism of the Whigs in 1717
Partial reconciliation in 1720
The South Sea catastrophe
Complete ascendency of Walpole
Sketch of his life
Ministry of Walpole
His skill in managing men
342
345
347
348
350
351
355
His care in avoiding violent concussions of opinion
His measures to reconcile the country gentry to the dynasty
Proceedings relating to the National Debt. Arguments for National
Debts
364
Their dangers
365
Erroneous estimates of the financial capacities of the country
Connection between the Revolution and the National Debt
His ascendency not due to great eloquence. Oratory not supreme
His Defects
Low political honour
Want of decorum
Corruption. History of Parliamentary corruption
Degree in which the guilt of it attaches to Walpole
His influence over young men
Report of the Committee of Inquiry
Effect of the language of Walpole on political morality in
England
Declaration of war. First Expeditions
Death of the Emperor. Weakness of Maria Theresa
Frederick II.
The succession of Berg and Juliers
Claims to Silesia
Invasion of Silesia. Coalition against Maria Theresa
Policy of Walpole
Subsidy to the Empress. Neutrality of Hanover
Fall of Walpole
Ruin of the influence of Pulteney
Failure of the impeachment of Walpole
His last days
The new Ministry
Convention of the Austrians with Frederick
Austrian victories in Bohemia and Bavaria
Charles VII. crowned Emperor
Frederick breaks the Convention. Battle of Czaslau
Peace of Breslau
Expulsion of the French from Bohemia
Death of Fleury
Rapid changes of fortune in Italy
Revulsion of feeling in England. Ambitious views of Maria
French and Spanish fleet escapes from Toulon in spite of the
1745. Offensive alliance between England, Holland, Austria, and
Saxony
453
Death of Charles VII.
eace between Austria and Bavaria. The Duke of Lorraine elected
Emperor
Victories of the Prussians. Peace of Dresden between Austria and
Prussia.
454
Insurrection of Genoa. French and Spaniards victorious in Italy
French campaign in Flanders. Battle of Fontenoy and its results 455
Failure of the attempt of the King to displace Pelham
Re-establishment of the Ministry
Great predominance of the commercial spirit in Parliament
Anxiety for Parliamentary reform in the country
Parliamentary Corruption and Tyranny
Simultaneous growth of the power of the Commons and the influ-
ence of Government upon its members since the Revolution
Arbitrary proceedings of the Lower House. The Kentish petitioners 473
470
Attempts to shorten the duration of Parliament. Effects of the
The representation of the counties and of the large towns
489
Government patronage of literature under Anne
Exclusive employment of Government patronage for political ends 492
Danger of leaving science and literature to the unrestricted
operation of the law of supply and demand
Methods that have been adopted for encouraging them.
Effects of the degradation of literature under the first Georges
493
496
500
501
Confusion of party qualities. Natural history of Whigs and Tories
Reforms in Scotland
512
515
Decline of the spirit of philanthropy and reform
Berkeley
Oglethorpe
Condition of debtors' prisons
Foundation of Georgia
Neglected condition of the navy and army.
Atrocious penal system
The nation assuming rapidly its modern aspect
Growth of the secular view of marriage in English law
Success of Lord Hardwicke's Act
534
538
539
540
541
542
545
546
547
550
Growth of the Modern Military System
Improvements in the art of war led to standing armies.