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OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, CHANCERY LANE, E.C.

BY JOHN C. FRANCIS AND J. EDWARD FRANCIS.

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LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, 1906.

CONTENTS.-No. 106. NOTES:-London Improvement, 1-Sir Thomas Nevill, 2— The Epicure's Almanack, 4-An Earlier Charles Lamb -Zouave Uniform, 5-"Pretty Maids' Money" "Hooshtah "The Metropolitan Railway-Birds of East Finmark-Cecil Family, 6-Ben Jonson's Works, 7. QUERIES:-Cardinals' Pillars - Ennobled Animals-Scott and Carey Scott in Ireland, 7-Thomas Barry - Ned: "To raise Ned" - Maltby: Mawbey - Penn and Mead Jury, 1-70-Monumental Brasses in the Meyrick Collection -Born with Teeth-Francis Prior: Annabella Beaumont, 8-Will-power as recorded in Historical Portraits-Calf

hill Family-Garioch: its Pronunciation-Piper at Castle Bytham-Napoleon's Coronation Robe: its Gold Bees

Riggs-Census Report, 1851-Robert Weston-Brandon,

Duke of Suffolk, 9-Grindleton, 10. REPLIES:-London Newspapers, 10- King Nutcracker'— From pillar to post "-Authors of Quotations WantedMozart-Charles Lamb, 11-Crockford's- Military Discipline' Oscar Wilde Bibliography - Bowes of ElfordRepartee of Royalty-Almanac, c. 1744, 12-Norwich Court Rolls-Archbishop Kempe - John Pitts Church Spons "Smith" in Latin Looping the Loop: Flying or Centrifugal Railway, 13-Thomas Pounde, S.J.-Ausias March-Nicholas Nickleby-Welsh Poem, 14-Anthony Pich - Wooden Water-pipes in London - Mulberry and Quince John Penhallow mentary Whips, 16

"Jan Kees," 15 - Parlia

NOTES ON BOOKS :-Johnson's 'Lives of the Poets' L'Homme et son Image'-Burke's Peerage'-Reviews

and Magazines.

Mr. Sidney Lee's Shakespearean Discovery.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.

Hotes.

LONDON IMPROVEMENT.

IN my remarks on the increasing beauty of London, under the head Kingsway and Aldwych' (10th S. iv. 361), I partially reviewed what had been done during the last sixty years in the making of new thoroughfares and the improvement of old. It will now be a pleasure to me to extend the reference to other work accomplished in the advance so interesting and satisfactory to all Londoners.*

we have a grand inheritance. The Park and the Gardens have been carefully preserved, and progressive taste in the culture and arrangement of flowers and shrubs (especially of the sumptuous rhododendron) has greatly enhanced their beauty. A great work here has been the rectification of the Serpentine, the necessary complement of the landscape. Its existence has not been happy. Made for pleasure and ornament by Queen Caroline in 1730, it had nevertheless become the filth deposit of a district of growing London. The polluted West Bourn was long suffered to bring down the sewage, and although the evil stream had been diverted some years before the "forties," the horrid deposit remained, and was even augmented at times of flood. The Metropolitan Drainage scheme, a work of great magnitude which must have mention here, although, as underground, it did not affect the outward beauty of London-finally shut off all sewer communication with the Serpentine; but not until ten years later (1870) were the cleaning, deepening, and shaping of the lake effected. And although its present supply of water from wells and surface drainage, and occasionally from the metropolitan system, is not generous, we have now a handsome lake. Green Park and St. James's, as the satellites of Hyde Park, have shared in the advance of enlightened culture. Regent's Park and the much loved "Zoo " have also progressed; and in the more modern London the old, wholesome example has been followed in the making of Victoria, Battersea, and several minor parks. Not only this, but every green and common has become a pleasaunce; and the grand old squares are more carefully tended, their green lawns and noble trees (wonderful in the heart of London) compensating us for the clouded skies and wet weather we sometimes find depressing. the last homes of past generations: the burialFinally, in the list of these open spaces come

The ardent demand for width and open spaces, parks, gardens, and playgrounds, has been noticed, and some work in that direc-grounds of the dead have become the gardens tion has had mention. of the living, in some instances the playground In Hyde Park and of children. Kensington Gardens, originally one expanse,

Referring to my preceding note, I find that Kingsgate Street was demolished in the widening of Southampton Row in continuation of Kingsway. It is, however, satisfactory to notice that "Kingsgate Baptist Church" (connected with the fine Church House of that denomination) preserves the name. The date "1560" in the same note I have to acknowledge_as a slip. Theobalds was obtained by James I. in 1607, in exchange with Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, for Hatfield (Walford, Greater London,' i. 380). Also it should be read of Westminster and Blackfriars bridges that Westminster is the wider by five feet.

It was about the end of the forties that the building of Gothic churches was revived. Greek churches, correct or incorrect, and built to serve equally the living and the dead, had been long in vogue; now the medieval English form again commended itself. It is not becoming to criticize severely the first examples of the revival, or even the "restorations" then effected; mistakes no doubt were made, and it would be sad indeed if after sixty years of building nothing had been learnt. One of the first

churches of revived Gothic in the recollection of the writer was St. Matthew's in the City Road, not very far from the "Angel" at Islington, a pleasanter quarter then than now. Holy Trinity, Paddington, is also remembered as a brand-new church in 1849. St. Mary Abbot's at Kensington is one of the most important examples, and were it but old, and perhaps less obscured by stained glass, it would command much admiration. The Gothic revival has been maintained through nearly the sixty years, its last achievement being the re-edification of the greater part of St. Mary's Overie, Southwark, which has become a twentieth century cathedral-a fine work in our day, yet small in contrast with the mighty churches of old. And here must have mention the constant sustentation work at the Abbey, especially the facial restoration of the north transept, the merit of which is perhaps generally allowed, though it would be vain to expect unanimous approval. On St. Paul's, internally, elaborate and costly art has been bestowed, and new, sweet bells ring from its belfry. Also much redemption work has been done on our one great Norman fragment, St. Bartholomew's.

The Gothic art has not been employed on churches alone; it has been frequently applied to secular buildings, and if its success be questionable, the doubt seems to affect only the interior adaptability to modern use. We are now mainly concerned with the external beauty imparted to London, and find great satisfaction in these Gothic acquisitions. The Houses of Parliament were building in the forties and some years later; they are certainly beautiful. Fault-finding is always easy, especially when architecture is concerned; here the main body of the building has been thought deficient in proportion, and overwrought with repeated ornament. But if this be the fault, it is redeemed by the noble towers, especially the Victoria Tower, the stately magnitude and grace of which render it unrivalled throughout the world.

Next we are reminded of the removal of the comparatively modern buildings of the Courts of Justice, now transposed to another site, whither we will presently follow them, observing here the opening of space and the revelation of old Westminster Hall, the famous beauty of which, however, is internal. At Westminster block after block of grand Government buildings has been raised, and still they are far from completion. Projects have but slowly progressed in a city where energy and industry have enormously enhanced the value of

ground, and where justice to the full must recognize individual rights. Thus, we had almost despaired of the long-projected widening of Parliament Street, but now, as an accomplished fact, it has become the fitting avenue of the truly imperial quarter of London. The earliest block, the Treasury Offices at Whitehall, was the work of the forties. This, indeed, was not much more than a new front to an old building; it was and is handsome classic work, but scale has greatly increased, and this block has become dwarfed by later buildings of greater proportions. The Home, Colonial, Foreign, and India Offices form a splendid group, which happily on one side presents itself to St. James's Park, and thence makes a very charming picture. The great War Office block, raised in front of the comparatively insignificant, but still appreciated Horse Guards, is now outwardly completed. The Admiralty still turns a stately though gloomy visage towards the street; but large and handsome additions have been made on the Park side. Another immense block of buildings is rising with faces towards the Abbey and Parliament Street, and we wait with unfailing interest the full realization of this magnificent seat of Government.

Westminster must not be left without observing from the fine bridge across the river the eight handsome divisions of St. Thomas's Hospital, a very noticeable addition to the beauty of London. The new police quarters on the Westminster bank are also important, though less admired. And along the Embankment (noticed in my previous communication) have risen the fine buildings of the London School Board-now the London County Council's Educational Offices the Thames Conservancy, the City of London School, and others. W. L. RUTTON.

27, Elgin Avenue, W.

(To be concluded.)

SIR THOMAS NEVILL, 1503-82. SIR THOMAS was the third son of Richard, Lord Latimer, who died 1531, and uncle of the last lord, who died 1577. He and his younger brother Marmaduke married Maria and Elizabeth, two of the four daughters and coheiresses of Sir Thomas Tey, of Brightwell Hall, Suffolk, and Pigott's Ardley, Essex.

Morant's account of him (apparently taken from Harl. MS. 3882) is full of gross inaccuracies, which it may be well to correct. His history is of interest, as, if any male descendant remains, he would be the heir

male of the house of Nevill. Morant, Chauncy, and Drummond give the Nevills of Ridgewell, Essex, as descendants; but I have, under the heading' Cromwell Fleetwood' (10th S. iv. 74), given reasons for thinking that this descent is open to grave doubt.

There were about this time so many Sir Thomas Nevills of different families, that it is most difficult to distinguish between them. For instance, 1540, the date given by Morant for the death of this Sir Thomas, is really that of his father-in-law Sir Thomas Tey; there has evidently been a confusion of notes which has been slavishly copied.

The Thomas whose I.P.M. of 1602 Morant also refers to, as that of the son and heir of our Sir Thomas, was Thomas Nevill of Stock Harvard, Essex, who married Rebecca, daughter of Gyles Allen, of Hazeleigh. He was son of Hugh Nevill of Ramsden Belhouse, whose will was proved in 1603 (Com. Essex) as of Brightlingsea.

Sir Thomas Nevill of Mereworth, Speaker of the House of Commons and brother of Lord Abergavenny, died in 1543. The 'D.N.B.' says that his first wife was Elizabeth, widow of Robert Amadas, a member of the firm of goldsmiths to Henry VIII. This marriage took place in the chapel of Jenkins Manor at Barking, Essex, on 28 August, 1532; but it was certainly not the first marriage of this Sir Thomas, as a monument to his daughter Margaret in Widial Church (Lipscomb's 'Bucks,' iii. 474) states that she was born in 1525, and was the daughter of Katheryne, daughter of Lord Dacre. This lady, who is buried at Narden, in Kent, and there called Elizabeth Daker, is the only wife generally given to Sir Thomas. The subject of this notice may quite possibly have been the bridegroom.

There was also a Sir Thomas, second son of Ralph, fourth Earl of Westmoreland, of whom there are no particulars in the genealogies. He was probably the Sir Thomas Nevill, K.B., who died in 1546(Musgrave's 'Obituary'). He may, however, have been the Sir Thomas Nevill who on 5 November, 1544, married Frances Amiel, widow, at Bramfield, Suffolk. She was probably the Frances Hopton who in the visitation of Suffolk, 1561, p. 44, is said to have married first Jeromye (sic); secondly, Sir Thomas Nevill of Yorkshire; and thirdly (p. 195) the son of William Hovell, of Ashfield, Suffolk. The Jeromye is a subsequent addition, and should probably have been Jermye, the name of a well known Suffolk family. The herald must have made a mistake, or there were two previous marriages, or possibly the Amiel is a mis

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reading of the register. A Chancery suit of 1561-2, Thomas Nevyll, knt., v. Arthur Robsarte, Esq., shows that the marriage was not happy, as Sir Thomas sues for the return of a bond of 1,000l. which he had given as security that he would not "beat or vex" his wife on condition that she behaved well; he asserts that she had misbehaved several times.

Sir Thomas of the Westmoreland family is not mentioned in the rebellion of 1569, and had probably died previously.

Thomas Nevill of Holt, Leicestershire, was knighted by Somerset in 1543 on the Scotch campaign; it was his heiress who married Thomas Smyth, of Cressing Temple, who took the name of Nevill.

Maria Tey, who must have been married by 1536, died in 1544, according to the I.P.M. of 37 Henry VIII. (1545), which names October of the preceding year as the date of her death, and states that Thomas, her son and heir, is aged nine. Morant says that she died in October, 1544, and was buried at Ardleigh; but in view of the mistake already mentioned this requires confirmation. He also states that in 1552 Thomas Nevill held the manor of Liston hall, in Gosfield, of the Earl of Oxford. In the parish register of Gosfield is the burial of Maria Nevill on 19 Oct., 1544, and also the birth of Ann Nevill, 1543. In 1558 the manor was in other hands.

There was about 1600 a Thomas Nevill, a substantial yeoman, at Gosfield, which adjoins Halstead, where the ancestors of the Ridgewell family lived; his will (Arch. Essex, Bushen 3) was proved in 1622. He may be identical with the Thomas Nevill of Abbess Roding, a neighbouring parish, who paid subsidy there in 1565, and at Felsted in 1571: he probably belonged to a family of Willingale and Fifield of whom there are records back to 1522 they intermarried with a branch of the Jocelyns.

Sir Thomas, then called of Aldham, was in political trouble in 1537 (Dom. State Papers, vol. xii. part ii. 242), when his brother Marmaduke was committed to the Tower. I have not been able to find what happened to Sir Thomas, but it is unlikely that he escaped Cromwell without serious fine, which may account for the little show he made in after years. He paid subsidy in 1549 and 1553: His brother, Lord Latimer, had been implicated' in the first rising in Yorkshire, which was pardoned in December, 1536; he made his peace, and kept out of that of the ensuing February. Sir Thomas's sister was married' to Francis Norton, the prime mover of the

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