"Nakappantań mádétha” iti théró sawárayi. Paṭisáraṇiyań kammań Yasathérassa tikaruń.
Yáchitwá anudútań, só sahaténa puruńgato; attanó dhammawadittań sannápetwána nágaré.
Anudútawachó sutwá, tam ukkhipitumágatá, parikkhipiya aṭṭhańsu gharań thérassa, bhikkhawó.
Théró uggamma nabhasá, ganatwa Kósumbiyań ; tató Páṭheyak áwańtikánań bhikkhúnań sańtikań lahuń
Pésési dútétu: sayań gantwáhógangapabbatan; áha Sambhútathérassa nań sabbań Sánawásino.
Pathéyuká satti thérá, asítáwantikápicha, mahakhinasawá sabbé Ahógangamhi ótaruń.
Bhikkhawó sańnipatitá sabbé tattha, tató tató, ásuń nawuti sahássáni, mantetwá, akhilápi té,
Sóréyyaréwatathérań bahussatamanásawań, tań kálapamukhań natwá, passítuń nikkhaminsu tań.
Thérá tań mantanań sutwá, Wesáliń gantuméwa só, ichchhańto phásugamanań, tato nikkhami tań khanań,
Pátó pátówa nikkhantá, thánań téna mahattaná, sayań sayań múpentánań sahajátiyamaddasuń.
Tattha Sambhútathéréna Yasathéró niyójitó, saddhammasawanań nétań Réwatatthéramuttamań,
Upéchcha, dasawatthúni puchchhi : théró “patikkhipi” sutwádhikaraṇań “tancha nisédhémáti” abruwi.
Pápápi pakkhapekkhanta Rewatatthéramuttaman, sámanakaparikkhárań paṭiyádiya té bahuń
Sigań nawaya gańtwána, sahajáti samipagá; karonta bhatta wissaggań, bhattak álé upatthité.

versed in the six branches of doctrinal knowledge, and powerful in his calling, repaired to that place (Wisáli), devoting himself at the Mahawana wihare to the suppression of this heresy.

They (the schismatic priests) having placed a golden dish filled with water in the apartment in which the "upósatha" ceremony was performed, said (to the attendant congregation of laymen), "Devotees, bestow on the priesthood at least a kahapanan." The thero forbade (the proceeding), exclaiming “Bestow it not; it is not allowable.” They awarded to the théro Yaso (for this interference) the sentence of "patisaraniyan." Having by entreaty procured (from them) a messenger, he proceeded with him to the capital, and propounded to the inhabitants of the city, the tenets of his own faith.

The (schismatic) priests having learned these circumstances from the messenger, proceeded thither, to award to the théro the penalty of "ukkhipétan," and took up their station surrounding his dwelling. The théro (however) raising himself aloft, proceeded through the air to the city of Kósambiya: from thence speedily dispatching messengers to the priests resident in Pathéya and Awanti, and himself repairing to the Ahóganga mountain (mountain beyond the Ganges), reported all these particulars to the théro Sambúto of Sána.

Sixty priests of Pathéya and eighty of Awanti, all sanctified characters who had overcome the dominion of sin, descended at Ahóganga. The whole number of priests who had assembled there, from various quarters, amounted to ninety thousand. These sanctified personages having deliberated together, and acknowledged that the théro Réwato of Soréya, in profundity of knowledge and sanctity of character, was at that period the most illustrious, they departed thither for the purpose of appearing before him.

The said théro having attended to their statement, and being desirous (on account of his great age) of performing the journey by easy stages, departed at that instant from thence, for the purpose of repairing to Wisáli. On account of the importance of that mission,

Sahajátiń áwasanto Sálhathéró wichińtiya Páṭhéyyaká dhammawádi ; ití passi anásawó.
Upéchcha tań Mahábrahmá “dhammé tiṭṭháti " abruwi: nichchań dhammé thitattań só attanó tassa abruwi.
Té parikkháramádáya Réwatatthérámaddasuń. Théró nagaṇhitań, pakkhań páhisissań panámayi.
Wésálin té tató gańtwá, tató Pupphapurań gatá, wadinsu Kálásókassa narindassa alajjinó :

"Satthussa nó gandhakúṭiń, gópayańtá mayań tahiń Maháwanawihárasmiń wasáma Wajjahhúmiyań,”
Gańhissáma wihárańtí gámawásika bhikkhunó, ágachchhanti, Mahárája, paṭísédhaya té iti.”

Rájá tań duggahıtańté katwá, Wésálimágamuň, Réwatatthéramulamhi sahajátiyametthatuń.
Bhikkhú sata sahassáni ékádassa mágatá nawutińcha sahassáni áhu tań watthusańtiya.
Mulatthehi winá watthú samanańnéwa róchayi thérá sabbépí bhikkhú té Wésálimagamu tató.
Duggahítócha só rájá tatthá machché apésayi: mulhádewánubháwéna anṇattha agamińsu té.
Pésetwá té mahipáló; rattiń tań supinéna só apassi sakamańtánań pakkhittań Lóhakumbhiya.
Atibhíto áhu rájá: tamassásétumágamá bhaginínandathéritu ákáséna anásawá :

departing each morning at dawn, on reaching the places adapted for their accommodation, they met together again (for consultation) in the evenings.

At a place (where they had so assembled), the théro Yaso, under the directions of the chief priest Sambhútó, at the close of a sermon, addressing himself to the celebrated théro Réwato, inquired what the ten (unorthodox) indulgences were. Having examined those rules, the théro pronounced them "inadmissible;" and said, "Let us suppress this (schism.)

These sinners with the view to seducing the renowned théro Réwato to their party, collecting a vast quantity of priestly offerings, and quickly embarking in a vessel arrived at the place where the principal priests were assembled; and at the hour of refection, set forth the chant of refection. The théro Sálhó, who was resident at that selected place, and had overcome the dominion of sin, reflecting whether the doctrine of the Pathéya priests was orthodox, it appeared to him to be so. The Maha-Brahma (of the world Sudhawasa) descending unto him (Sálhó) addressed him thus: "Adhere to that doctrine." He replied, that his adherence to that faith would be steadfast.

Those who had brought the priestly offerings presented themselves to the eminent théro Réwato. The théro declined accepting the offerings, and dismissed the pupil of the sinful fraternity (who presented them).

These shameless characters departing thence for Wisáli, and from thence repairing to the capital Pupphápura, thus addressed their sovereign Kalásóko: "We, the guardians of the dwelling of our divine instructor, reside there, in the land of Wajji, in the Mahawana wihare." "The priests resident in the provincial villages are hastening hither, saying, 'Let us take possession of the wihare. Oh, Maha-rája, prevent them." They having (thus) deceived the king, returned to Wisáli.

In the (aforesaid) selected place where the (orthodox) priests had halted, unto the thero Réwato, for the purpose of suppressing the schismatic indulgences, eleven hundred and ninety thousand priests congregated. He had decided (however) not to suppress the

P

“Bhárikanté katań kammań: dhammikayyé khamápaya: pakkhé tésań bhawitwá, twań kuru sásanapaggahań." “Ewań katé sotthituyhań hessatíti” apukkami, Pabhátéyéwa Wésáliń gańtuń nikkhami bhúpati.

46

Gańtwa Mahawanan bhikkusańgań só sańnipátiya; sutwa ubhinnań wadańcha, dhammapakkhancha rochiya,
Khamapetwa dhammiké té bhikkhú sabbé mahipatí, attanó dhammapakkhattań watwá ; “tumhé yatha ruchin.”
Sampaggahan sasanassa karótháticha" bhásiya; datwácha tésań árakkhań ágamási sakań purań.
Nichchhituń tani watthúni sańghó sańnipatí tadá: anaggáni tattha bhassáni sańgamajjhé ajáyisuń.
Tató só Réwatatthéró sáwetwá, sańgamajjhagó, ubbáhikáya, tań witthuń samétuń nichchhayań aká.
Páchínakécha chaturó, chaturo Páthéyyaképicha, ubbáhikáya sammańti bhikkhúnań watthû santiya.
Sabbakamicha, Sálhócha, Khujjasóbhitanamako, Wasabhágámíkóchati, thérá Páchinaká imé.
Réwato, Sanasambhútó, Yasó Kákanḍakattrajó, Sumanócháti, chattáro thérá, Páṭhéyyaká zmé.
Samétuń táni watthúni appasaddań, anákulań, agamuń Wálukárámań aṭṭhatthérá anásawá.

heresy at any place but that at which it had originated. Consequently the théros, and all these priests repaired to Wisáli. The deluded monarch dispatched his ministers thither. Misguided however, by the interposition of the gods, they proceeded in a different direction. The sovereign having (thus) deputed these ministers (to the priesthood), in the night, by a dream, he saw that his soul was cast into the Lóhokumbiyá hell. The king was in the greatest consternation. To allay that (terror) his younger sister, the priestess Anandi, a sanctified character, who had overcome the dominion of sin, arrived, travelling through the air: "The act thou hast committed is of the most weighty import: make atonement to the orthodox ministers of the faith: uniting thyself with their cause, uphold true religion. By adopting this course peace of mind will be restored unto thee." Having thus addressed him, she departed,

At the very dawn of day, the monarch departed to proceed to Wisáli. Having reached the Mahawana wihare, he assembled the priesthood; and having examined the controversy by listening to both parties, he decided in favour of the cause of true religion. The sovereign having made atonement to all the ministers of true religion, and having avowed his adherence to its cause, he said: "Do ye according to your own judgment, provide for the due maintenance of religion;" and having extended his protection to them, he departed for his capital (Pupphápura.)

Thereupon, the priesthood assembled to inquire into these indulgences: there in that convocation (however) endless and frivolous discussions arose. The théro Réwato himself then advancing into the midst of the assembly, and causing to be proclaimed the ubbáhikaya" rules, he made the requisite arrangements for the purpose of suppressing this heresy.

By the ubbáhikaya rules, he selected, for the suppression of the sacerdotal heresy, four priests of Páchína and four of Pathéya. These were the Páchína priests,-Sabbakámi, Salho, Kujjasóbhito, and Wasabhagamiko. These were the four Pathéya priests,— Réwato, Sambúto of Sána, Yaso the son of Kákondako, and Sumano. For the purpose

Tésu watthusu ékéka kamato Réwató maháthéro thérá Sabbakámiń puchchhi puchchhásu kowido.
Sabbakámi maháthéro téna puṭṭhósi wiyákari ;“ sabbáni táni watthúni nakapantiti suttató.”
Niharitwadhikaraṇań tań té tattha yáthákkamań; tatthewa sańghamajjhamhi puchchhá wissajjanań karuń.
Niggahanpápabhikkhúnań dasawatthúkadipina ń tesań dasasahasánań maháthérá akańsu té.
Sabbakámi puthuwiyá sanghatthéro tadá ahu, só wísan wassasatiko tadási upasampadá.
Sabbakamicha, Sálhócha, Réwató, Khujjasóbhitó, Yasókákandakasutó, Sambhúto Sánáwásikó,
Chha théra Anandathérassa été saddhiwihárinó, Wásabhag ámikóchéwa, Sumanócha duwé pana.
Théránuruddhathérassa été saddhiwihárinó. Aṭṭhathérapi panná té ditthapubbá Tathagatan.
Bhikkhú satasahassáni dwádasásuń samágatá: sabbésań Réwatatthéró bhikkhúnań pamukhó tadá.
Tadá só Réwatatthéró saddhammaṭṭhitiyá chirań kárétuń dhammasańgítiń sabbabhikkhusamúható,
Pabhinnattkádiṇaṇánań piṭakattayadhárinań satáni satta bhikkhúnań arahattáni muchchini.
Té sabbé Wálukárámé Kálásókéna rakkhitá, Réwatatthérapámokkhá, akaruń dkammasańgahań.

of examining into these (controverted) indulgences, these eight sanctified personages repaired to Walukaráma wihare, a situation so secluded (that not even the note of a bird was heard), and free from the strife of men. The high priest Réwato, the chief of the interrogating party, questioned the théro Sabbakámi in due order, on these indulgences, one by one. The principal théro Sabbakámi, who had been thus interrogated by him (Réwato), declared: "By the orthodox ordinances, all these indulgences are inadmissible." There (at the Walukaráma wihare), having in due form rejected this heresy, in the same manner in the midst of the convocation at Maháwana wihare (to which they returned), they again went through the interrogations and replies.

To the ten thousand sinful priests, who had put forth the ten indulgences, these principal orthodox priests awarded the penalty of degradation.

Sabbakami was at that time high priest of the world, and had already attained a standing of one hundred and twenty years in the ordination of "upasampada."

Sabbakami, Salho, Réwato, Kujjasóbhito, Yaso the son of Kákondako, and Sambúto, a native of Sána,—these six théros were the disciples of the théro Anando. Wasabhagámiko and Sumano,-these two théros were the disciples of the théro Anuradho. These eight pious priests, in aforetime, had seen the deity who was the successor of former Buddhos.

The priests who had assembled were twelve hundred thousand: of all these priests, the théro Réwato was at that time the leader.

Thereupon, for the purpose of securing the permanency of the true faith, this Réwato théro, the leader of these priests, selected from those who were gifted with the qualifications for sanctification, and were the depositories of the doctrines contained in the three "pitakas,” seven hundred sanctified disciples (of Buddho, for the purpose of holding the convocation on religion) All these théros having Réwato for their chief, protected by king Kálásóko, held the convocation on religion at the Wálukaráma wihare. According

Pubbé katań tatha éwa dhammań puchchháwa, bhásitań ádáya tiṭṭhapésantań etań máséhi aṭṭhahi.
Ewan dutiyasangitiń katwá, tépi maháyasá thérá dósakkhayań pattá pattákáléna nibbutiń.

Iti paramamatinań pattipattabbakánań tibhawahitakaránań lókanáthórasánań sumariya; maranań tań
sańkhatásárakuntań pariganiyamasésań, appamattó bhawéyáti.

Sújanappasádasańwégajananatthaya katé Mahawańsé "dutiyasangitináma" chatuttho parichchhédo.

PANCHAMO PARICHCHHEDO,

Ya Mahákassapádíhí mahátheréhi áditó katá saddhammasangiti, thériyáti pawuchchati.
Ekówa thérawádó só ádiwassa saté ahu: anná chariyawádátu tató órań ajáisuń.

Téhi sangitikáréhi théréhi dutiyéhi, té niggahítá pápabhikkhu sabbé dassahassiká.

Aka ńsáchariyawadań Mahasanghika námikań: tató Gókuliká játá Ekabbyóháriká picha.

Gokulikéhi, Pannatti wádá, Bahuliká picha Chetiya wádá: té swécha bhikkhú. Sabbatthawadino Dhammaguttika bhikkhúcha játá, khalu imé duwé.

to the form observed in interrogation and illustration on the former occasion, conducting this meeting precisely in the same manner, it was terminated in eight months.

. Thus these théros who were indefatigable in their calling, and absolved from all human afflictions, having held the second convocation on religion, in due course attained "nibbuti."

Hence, bearing in mind the subjection to death of the disciples of the saviour of the universe, who were endowed with the sanctification of "arahat,"-who had attained the state of ultimate beatitude,-and had conferred blessings on the beings of the three "bhawas," recollecting also the liability of the rest of mankind to an interminable transmigration, let (the reader) steadfastly devote himself (to a life of righteousness.)

The fourth chapter in the Mahawanso, entitled, "the second convocation on religion," composed equally to delight and afflict righteous men.

CHAP. V.

The convocation which was held in the first instance by the principal théros, having Mahakassapo for their chief, is called the "Thériya Sangiti."

During the first century after the death of Buddho, there was but that one schism among the théros. It was subsequent to that period that the other schisms among the preceptors took place.

The whole of those sinful priests, in number ten thousand, who had been degraded by the théros who had held the second convocation, originated the schism among the preceptors called the Mahásangika heresy.

Thereafter arose the Gókulika and Ekabbyóhárika schisms.