palace, sprinkled there also the same number of handsful of flowers. On this occasion also the earth quaked. On being asked the cause thereof, "Liege," he replied, "this pond will become attached to the 'perambulation hall (of the priesthood)."

Proceeding close to the portal of the king's palace, the "isi" on that spot also made an offering of the same quantity of flowers. There likewise the earth quaked. The king, his hair standing on end with the delight of his astonishment, inquired the cause thereof. To him the théra (thus) explained the cause: "Monarch, on this spot have the right branches procured from the bo-tree of (all) the three Buddhas in this kappa been planted. On this very spot, O ruler, will the right branch of the bo-tree of our (deity) the successor of former Buddhas be planted."

Thereafter the great théra repairing to the spot called "Mahámuchala,” on that spot also he sprinkled the same quantity of flowers. There also the earth quaked. Being asked the cause thereof, he replied, "Ruler of men, this spot will become the upósatha hall of sacerdotal rites to the priesthood."

The monarch thence proceeded to the Pañhambamála. The keeper of the royal garden produced to the king a superb full ripe mango of superlative excellence in colour, fragrance, and flavour. The king presented this delicious fruit to the théra. (As no priest can partake of food without being seated) the théra, who (at all times) was desirous of gratifying the wishes of the people, pointed out to the necessity of his being seated, and the rájá on that spot had a splendid carpet spread out. To the théra there seated the monarch presented the mango. The théra, having vouchsafed to eat the same, gave the stone to the king that it might be sown. The sovereign himself planted the stone on that spot. In order that it might sprout (instantly) the théra washed his hands, pouring water (on them) over it. In the order of nature, (but) in that very instant, from that mango stone a sprout shooting forth became a stately tree, laden with leaves and fruit.

Witnessing this miracle, the multitude, including the king, with their hair standing on end (with astonishment and delight), continued repeatedly bowing down to the théras.

At that moment the théra sprinkled on that spot eight handsful of flowers. On that occasion also the earth quaked. Being asked the cause thereof, he replied, "Ruler of men, this will become the spot at which the various offerings made to the priesthood collectively will be divided by the assembled priests."

Proceeding thereafter to the site where the Catussálá (quadrangular hall was subsequently built), he there sprinkled the same quantity of flowers. In like manner the earth quaked. The sovereign inquiring the cause of this earthquake; the théra thus explained himself to the king: "(This is) the pleasure garden, which, by its having been accepted by the three preceding Buddhas, (became consecrated). On this spot the treasures of offerings brought from all quarters by the inhabitants having been collected, the three preceding deities of felicitous advent vouchsafed to partake thereof. In this instance, also, O ruler of men, on the very same site the Catussálá will be erected, which will be the refectory of the priesthood."

From thence, the chief théra Mahinda, the luminary of the land, who, by inspiration could distinguish the places consecrated (by the presence of

"bath." Jantághara or aggisálá is a house or hall intended for priests to take a hot bath, or to warm their bodies near a fire.

"(tree)."

Dele.

"At that very instant a sprout sprang from the stone; and in due course it."

former Buddhas) from those which were not consecrated, repaired to the spot where the great dágoba (Ruvanvęli was subsequently built). At that time the smaller Kakudha tank stood within the boundary of the royal pleasure garden. At the upper end of it, near the edge of the water, there was a spot of elevated ground adapted for the site of a dágoba. On the 'high priest reaching that spot (the keepers of the garden) presented to the king eight baskets of champaka flowers. The king2 sprinkled those champaka flowers on the said elevated spot. In this instance also the earth quaked. The king inquired the cause of that earthquake, and the théra explained the cause in due order. "Mahárájá, this place has been consecrated by the presence of four Buddhas; it is befitting for (the site of) a dágoba for the prosperity and comfort of living beings. At the commencement of this kappa, the first in order was the vanquisher Kakusandha, a divine sage, perfect master of all the doctrines of the faith and a comforter of the whole world. This Mahámégha pleasure garden was then called Mahátittha. The city, situated to the eastward on the farther side of the Kadamba river, was called 'Abhayapura.' The ruling sovereign there was 'Abhaya,' and at that time this island was called 'Ojadípa.' In this land, by the instrumentality of the Rakkhasas (especially Punnakha) a febrile epidemic afflicted its inhabitants. Kakusandha3 impelled by motives of beneficence for the purpose of effecting the conversion of its inhabitants and the establishment of his faith, (after) having subdued this calamity, accompanied by forty thousand of his sanctified disciples, repairing to this land through the air, stationed himself on the summit of Dévakúṭa (Adam's Peak). Instantly, by the supernatural power of that supreme Buddha, the febrile epidemic over the whole of this land was subdued. O ruler, the muni, lord of divine sages, rem aining there (on Dévakúța) thus resolved within himself: 'Let all the inhabitants in this land Ojadípa, this very day see me manifested. Let also all persons, who are desirous of repairing to me, repair instantly (hither) without any exertion on their part. The king and inhabitants of the capital, observing this divine sage, effulgent by the rays of his halo, as well as the mountain illuminated by his presence, instantly repaired thither. The people, having hastened thither for the purpose of making 'bali' offerings to the dévatás, conceived that the ruler of the world and his sacerdotal retinue were dévatás. This king (Abhaya) exceedingly overjoyed, bowing down to this lord of munis, and inviting him to take refection, conducted him to the capital. The monarch, considering this celebrated and delightful spot both befitting and convenient for the muni and his fraternity, caused on this very site to be constructed, in a hall erected by him, splendid pulpits for the supreme Buddha and the (attendant) priests. The inhabitants of the island, seeing this lord of the universe seated here (where Ruvanvęli dágoba was subsequently built), together with this sacerdotal retinue, brought offerings from all quarters. The king from his own provisions and beverage, as well as from the offerings brought from other quarters, presented refreshments to the lord of the universe and his disciples. In the afternoon that monarch bestowed on the vanquisher, who was thus seated on this very spot, the pleasure garden Mahátittha, -a worthy dedication. At the instant this Mahátittha garden, embellished with (even) unseasonable flowers, was accepted of by the Buddha, the earth quaked. The said (divine) ruler taking his seat here, 'propounded his doctrines. Forty thousand inhabitants attained the sanctification of maggaphalan.' The vanquisher, having

"théra."

2 Insert "presented them to the théra, who."

enjoyed his forenoon rest in the Mahátittha garden, in the afternoon repaired to this spot worthy of the reception of his bo-tree. Here seated, that supreme Buddha indulged in the samádhi meditation. Rising therefrom he thus resolved: For the spiritual welfare of the inhabitants of this land, let the chief théri 3Rájanandá, together with her retinue of priestesses, repair hither, bringing with her the right branch of my sirísa bo-tree, (obtaining it from Khéma-rájá at Khémavatínagara in Jambudípa).' The théri becoming (by inspiration) acquainted with this resolve, thereupon accompanied by the monarch (Khéma), approached that tree. That supernaturally gifted king with a vermillion pencil having made a streak on the right branch, she (the théri) taking possession of that bo branch, which had severed itself from the tree and planted itself in a golden vase, brought it hither, by miraculous means, attended by her retinue of priestesses, and surrounded by dévatás, and placed the golden vase in the extended right hand of the supreme Buddha. This successor of former Buddhas receiving the same bestowed it on king Abhaya, for the purpose of being planted in the pleasure garden Mahátittha. The monarch planted it accordingly. This Buddha, a divine successor of former Buddhas, departing from thence to the northward thereof, and taking his seat in the court yard of 'Sirísa,' propounded his doctrines to the populace. There (also), O king (continued Mahinda), twenty thousand persons obtained the blessings of the faith. Proceeding thence further northward, the vanquisher, taking his seat at (the site of the) Thupâráma dágoba, and having indulged in the 'samádhi' meditation there, rousing himself from that abstraction, the supreme Buddha propounded his doctrines to the attendant congregation; on that occasion also ten thousand human beings attained the 'sanctification of maggaphalan.' Having bestowed his own 'dhammakaraka' (drinking vessel) as an object for worship on the people, and establishing the priestess with her retinue here; leaving also here his disciple Mahádéva, together with his thousand sacerdotal brethren, (he repaired) to the south-east thereof; and standing on the site of the Ratanamála square, the said vanquisher, having preached to the people, together with his retinue, departed through the air to Jambudípa.

"The second divine teacher, the comforter of the whole world, the omniscient supreme deity in this kappa, was named Kónágamana. The capital, then called Vaḍdhamána, was situated to the southward, and this Mahámégha pleasure garden was called then Mahánáma. The reigning sovereign there, at that period, was known by the name of Samiddha, and this land was then designated Varadípa.

Here, in this island, a calamity arising from a drought then prevailed. The said vanquisher Kónágamana observing this visitation, impelled by motives of compassion, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of its inhabitants and the establishment of his faith in this land 10(after) having subdued this calamity, accompanied by thirty thousand of his sanctified disciples, having repaired hither, stationed himself on the summit of Sumanakúṭa (Adam s Peak).

"By the providence of that supreme Buddha that drought instantly ceased; and during the whole period of the prevalence of his religion seasonable rains fell.

"Ruler of men" (continued Mahinda addressing himself to Dévánampiya Tissa), "the lord of munis, himself the mahá-muni, stationing himself there, thus resolved: Let all the inhabitants of this land Varadípa this very day see me manifested. Let also all persons who are desirous of repairing to me repair instantly (hither) without encountering any impediment.' The sovereign and the inhabitants of the capital, observing this divine sage, resplendent by the rays of his halo, as well as the mountain illuminated (by his presence), instantly repaired thither. The people having resorted there for the purpose of making 'bali' offerings, they imagined that the ruler of the universe and his sacerdotal retinue were dévatás.

"The king (Samiddha) exceedingly rejoiced, bowing down to this lord of munis and inviting him to take (refreshment), conducted him to the capital; and the monarch, considering this celebrated spot both befitting as an offering and convenient as a residence for the muni and his fraternity, caused to be constructed, in a hall erected by him, superb pulpits for the supreme Buddha and his attendant priests.

"The inhabitants of the land, seeing this lord of the universe seated here with his sacerdotal retinue, brought offerings from all quarters. The king from his own provisions and beverage, as well as from the offerings brought from all quarters, presented refreshments to the lord of the universe and his disciples.

"In the afternooon he bestowed on the vanquisher, who was seated on this very spot, the pleasure garden (then called) Mahánáma,-a worthy dedication. At the instant that this Mahánáma garden, embellished by (even) flowers out of season, was accepted of, the earth quaked. Here, the said divine ruler taking his seat, expounded his doctrines; and thirty thousand inhabitants attained the 'sanctification of maggaphalan.'

"The vanquisher, having enjoyed his forenoon rest in the Mahánáma garden, in the afternoon repairing to this spot where the preceding bo-tree had been planted, indulged the 'samádhi' meditation. Rising therefrom, the supreme Buddha thus resolved: 'For the spiritual welfare of the inhabitants of this land let the chief théri Kanakadattá, together with her retinue of priestesses, repair hither, bringing with her the right branch of the Udumbara bo-tree (obtaining it from king Sóbhavati, at Sóbhavatinagara in Jambudípa).'

"The théri becoming (by inspiration) acquainted with this resolve, thereupon accompanied by the monarch (Sóbhavati) approached that tree. That supernaturally gifted king, with a vermillion pencil having made a streak on the right branch, she (the théri) taking possession of that bo branch, which had separated itself (from the main tree) and planted itself in a golden vase, brought it hither by miraculous means, attended by her retinue of3 priestesses, and surrounded by dévatás; and placed the golden vessel on the extended right hand of the supreme Buddha. This successor of former Buddhas receiving the same, bestowed it on king Samiddha, for the purpose of being planted there, in the pleasure garden Mahánáma. The monarch planted it there (accordingly).

"The supreme Buddha repairing thither, to the northward of the Sirísamálaka, and stationing himself at Nágamálaka (where subsequently Thúlathanaka, prior to his accession, built a dágoba, including the Silásobbhakaṇḍaka cétiya), expounded the doctrines of his faith to the people. Having heard that discourse, O king (continued Mahinda), twenty thousand living beings obtained the blessings of religion. Repairing to the northward thereof, to the place (Thupâráma) where the preceding Buddha had stationed himself,

stages of sanctification."

2 Insert "five hundred."

3 Insert "five hundred."

there seating himself, and having indulged in the 'samádhi' meditation, rising therefrom, the supreme Buddha expounded his doctrines. From the assembled congregation ten thousand living beings attained the bliss of 'maggaphalan.' Bestowing his belt as a relic to be worshipped by the people, and leaving there the priestess with her retinue, and also leaving there his disciple Mahásumma, together with his thousand priests, the supreme Buddha tarrying for a while at the Ratanamálaka, 3thereafter at the Sudassanamálaka, and having preached to the people, together with his sacerdotal retinue, the vanquisher departed through the air for Jambudípa. "The third divine teacher, the comforter of the whole world, the omniscient supreme deity in this kappa, was named 'Kassapa' from his descent. The capital then called Visálánagara was situated to the westward; and this Mahámégha pleasure garden was called then Maháságara. The reigning sovereign there, at that period was known by the name of 'Jayanta,' and this land was then designated 'Mandadípa.'

"At that period, between the said king Jayanta and his younger brother (Samiddha) an awful conflict was on the eve of being waged, most terrifying to the inhabitants. The all-merciful 'muni' Kassapa, perceiving that in consequence of that civil war a dreadful sacrifice of lives would ensue, impelled by motives of compassion, as well as for the purpose of effecting the conversion of its inhabitants and the establishment of his faith in this land (after) having averted this calamity, accompanied by twenty thousand of his sanctified disciples, having repaired hither, stationed himself on the summit of Subhakúţa.

"Ruler of men

(continued Mahinda addressing himself to Dévánampiya Tissa), "the lord of munis, himself the mahá-muni, stationing himself there thus resolved: 'Let all the inhabitants of this land Mandádípa this very day see me manifested. Let also all persons who are desirous of repairing to me repair instantly (hither) without encountering any impediment.' The sovereign and the inhabitants of the capital observing this divine sage, effulgent by the rays of his halo, as well as the mountain illuminated (by his presence), instantly repaired thither. A great concourse of people of either party, in order that they might ensure victory to their cause, having proceeded to the mountain for the purpose of making offerings to the dévatás, imagined the ruler of the universe and his disciples were dévatás. The king and the prince astonished (at the presence of the Buddha Kassapa) relinquished their (impending) conflict.

"The king (Jayanta) exceedingly rejoiced, bowing down to this lord of munis, and inviting him to take refreshment, conducted him to the capital ; and the monarch considering this celebrated spot both befitting as an offering and convenient as a residence for the muni and his fraternity, caused to be constructed, in a hall erected by him, superb pulpits for the supreme Buddha and his (attendant) priests.

"The inhabitants of the land, seeing this lord of the universe seated here with his sacerdotal retinue, brought offerings from all quarters. The king from his own provisions and beverage, as well as from the offerings brought from every direction, presented refreshments to the lord of the universe and his disciples.

"In the afternoon he bestowed on the vanquisher, who was seated on this very spot, the pleasure garden (then called) Maháságara,-a worthy dedication. At the instant that this Maháságara garden, embellished by (even) flowers

1" stages of sanctification." 2" on this side of."

3 Dele.

4" in order that he might avert it and effect," 5 Dele,