and security. It is stated that the property in San Francisco as assessed for taxation amounts to three hundred millions of dollars.

From NEW MEXICO we have intelligence of some interest. It seems that the people, becom ing impatient of the delay of Congress in acting upon the question of framing a government for them, and probably taking the hint from the declared sentiments of President TAYLOR, resolved to form a government for themselves. Public meetings were accordingly held, and re

Mexico 7,846 cases, and on the last day named there were 230 deaths. Among the victims was Don Mariano Otero, a distinguished statesman and lawyer. In San Luis and other sections it was prevailing with great severity. The financial affairs of the State of Durango were in such a condition that an extra session of the Legislature had been called in order to save them from total ruin.—Advices have been received of the conclusion of a treaty with the Mexican Government by the U. S. Minister, Mr. LETCHER, by which is ceded the right of transit by railroad across the Isthmus of Te-solutions adopted, requesting Governor MUNROE huantepec. This step has been taken in accordance with, and probably in consequence of, the position taken upon the subject by President TAYLOR in his first message to Congress. The late President РоLK, when he sent out Mr. TRIST to negotiate a treaty of peace with Mexico, authorized him to offer five millions of dollars for the right which has now been secured without the expense of a dollar: and Mexico, moreover, has now stipulated to protect the parties constructing the work, as well as the work itself after it shall have been completed. The benefits resulting from this treaty, if the work shall be completed, will be of the most important character. As an auxiliary measure to the Nicaraguan Canal, it will tend very powerfully to unite the Atlantic and the Pacific states.

to call a convention of delegates from the several counties to form a State Constitution. Col. MUNROE accordingly issued a proclamation to that effect, and a Convention met at Santa Fé on the 15th of May. The session lasted eight or ten days, and a Constitution was adopted, which was to go into operation in July. The boundaries of the state were defined, and slavery was prohibited. An election was soon to take place for members of the Legislature. Two Senators and one Representative in Congress were to be elected, and application was to be made for the immediate admission of the State into the Union.

Of LITERARY INTELLIGENCE there is little of general interest. The distinguished English novelist, Mr. G. P. R. JAMES, arrived with his From CALIFORNIA we have intelligence to family at New York on the 4th of July, and the 17th of June. San Francisco has been will spend several months in visiting different visited by two successive fires which had de- sections of the United States. There are very stroyed property to the amount of several mil- few Englishmen who would be more cordially lions of dollars. A large proportion of the welcomed to this country than Mr. JAMES. His goods burned were consigned by New York long and most honorable and productive career merchants to their agents in California, so that as an author has made him universally known, the loss will fall very heavily upon them. As and his works have been very widely read in insurance could not readily be effected the loss the United States as well as in England. The will be large. Nearly three millions of dollars officious and impertinent gossip of a portion of in gold dust have reached the United States our newspaper press led Mr. JAMES to publish during the month. The foreigners resident in a note disclaiming the intention of writing a California had resisted the payment of the tax book upon this country. We regret that he of twenty-five dollars per month levied by the should have found it necessary either to announce state laws, and some difficulty was anticipated such a purpose, or to form it. This country has in enforcing payment, but at the latest accounts nothing to lose from the published observations this had been obviated, and every thing was of a man at once so competent and so candid. quiet. The intelligence from the mines encour- Mr. JAMES had for fellow-passengers Count ages the belief that the quantity of gold dug DEMBINSKI, who was a major in the Hungarian this season will be greater than ever before. service and nephew of General DEMBINSKI, From the valleys of both the Sacramento and whose name is so well known to the whole the San Joaquin very large amounts were con- world in connection with that gallant but illstantly obtained, and new mines have been fated struggle. Count D. was also aid to Kosfound as far north as Oregon, and as far south SUTH, and fled with him, accompanied with his as Los Angelos. From the Mariposa mines wife, whom he had married at Temeswar during many very beautiful specimens of the gold- the war, to Turkey, whence he came to this bearing quartz have been procured. Difficulties country. He is a young man of great talent had arisen with the Indians in different sections and accomplishments, and will probably make of the country, and several severe battles be- the United States his home. The annivertween them and detachments of U. S. troops sary of the Declaration of American Independhad been fought. They grew mainly out of ence was celebrated on the 4th throughout the the hostile disposition of the Indians which is country with the usual demonstrations. Orations often excited and encouraged by the lawless were delivered in nearly all the principal cities conduct of the whites. Measures were in pro- of the Union, some of which have since been gress which, it was hoped, would restore quiet published. The ablest one that has fallen un

Mr.

der our notice was delivered by Mr. E. P. | perished.-RALPH WALDO EMERSON is trav WHIPPLE before the authorities of Boston. He eling in the region on the Upper Waters of the spoke upon Washington and the Principles of the Mississippi.No original books of special inRevolution, holding up the former as a model terest have been published during the month. of greatness, combating the popular notion that In our department of Literary Notices mention is he was not a man of genius, and dwelling upon made of those which are of most importance.the fact that our revolution was fought, not on Mr. PRESCOTT, the historian, is traveling in Euabstract principles, or in the assertion of ab- rope. He is announced as having been present at stract rights, but for the redress of practical evils a recent meeting of the London Archaeological and the attainment of practical ends. It was a Society.Mr. H. N. HUDSON, whose lectures timely, able, and judicious address, and was on SHAKSPEARE have made him widely and favormarked by the peculiar vigor of style and of ably known as a critic, has been engaged by a thought, injured by an occasional straining after Boston publishing house to edit a new edition effect in expression and phrases, which charac- of the works of the great Dramatist, which will terize the writings of Mr. WHIPPLE. Senator be published during the coming year. FOOTE, of Mississippi, delivered an address Hudson's ability and familiarity with the subject before the Washington Monument Association will enable him to make a very valuable and at the National Capital; it was a strong appeal interesting work. GARIBALDI, who achieved on behalf of united and harmonious councils, distinction in the defense of Rome against the and was both timely and effective. Hon. J. W. French, is coming to New York, where he was EDMONDS, of New York city, delivered the ad- to be honored with a public reception from the dress at Washington's Head Quarters at New- authorities. The capture of Stoney Point was burgh, which the Legislature of New York, celebrated this year at that place, for the first very properly and creditably, took measures at time. HUGH MAXWELL, Esq., of New York, the last session to preserve as a permanent delivered the address. The celebration is heremonument of the revolution. E. A. RAYMOND, after to be annual.-In no department of Esq. delivered an address at Rochester, which mechanism is the progress of the age more was a skillfully condensed summary of the conspicuous than in printing presses, as is shown growth of the country, and especially of its by the fact that Messrs. Hoe and Co., of New political development.- A new Historical So-York, are now constructing a press which will

ciety of the Episcopal Church has just been formed at Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., of which Bishop BROWNELL has been chosen President.The inventor of the Ramage printing press, which, until superseded by subsequent improvements, was an important step in the progress of printing, ADAM RAMAGE, died at Philadelphia on the 9th of July. He was a native of Scotland, and was nearly eighty years old at the time of his death.- -MARGARET FULLER, well known in this country as a gifted and accomplished lady, and author of several works of marked value and interest, perished on the 19th of July, by the wreck of the ship Elizabeth from Leghorn, in which she had taken passage with her husband, the Marquis d'Ossoli, and her child, in returning to her native land from Italy, where she had been spending several years. Her loss will be deplored by a large circle of personal friends, and by the still larger number of those who knew her only through her writings. She was the eldest daughter of Hon. Timothy Fuller, formerly a lawyer of Boston, but more recently a resident of Cambridge. She was remarkable for her thorough intellectual cultivation, being familiar with both the ancient and most of the modern languages and their literature-for the vigor and natural strength of her mind-for her conversational powers, and for her enthusiastic devotion to letters and art. She was at Rome during the recent revolution, and took the deepest interest in the struggles of that day. She had been for some time engaged upon a work on Italy, which it is feared has perished with her. Her husband and child were lost at the same time. Mr. Henry Sumner, of Boston, also

work from 15,000 to 20,000 per hour. It will be thirty-three feet long, with eight printing cylinders, and will cost about $21,000.————A newly invented locomotive engine, intended for use in the streets of cities, has just been put upon the Hudson River Railroad at its termination in New York. It consumes its own smoke, and is entirely inclosed from public view—presenting the appearance of a simple baggagecar.

The engine is of ninety horse power.

News from LIBERIA has been received announcing that the government has at last been able to effect the purchase of the Gallinas territories, including the whole from Cape Mount to Shebar, except a small strip of five miles of coast which will soon fall into their hands. The chief importance of this purchase springs from the fact that Gallinas has been for many years the head quarters of the slave-trade-an enormous number of slaves having been shipped from there every year. The government paid $9500 for the territory, and further agreed to appoint commissioners to settle the wars in the country, and open trade with the interior tribes, as well as to settle among them and instruct them in the arts of civilized life. This may prove to be an important step not only toward the suppression of the horrible traffic in slaves, which the united efforts of Eng and, France, and the United States have hither o been unable to effect, but also toward the civilization of Africa, a result to which no philanthropic mind can be indifferent.

In ENGLAND by far the most important event

subject, Mr. ROEBUCK moved a resolution declaring that the principles on which the foreign policy of the government had been regulated were calculated to maintain the honor and dig. nity of the country, and in times of unexampled difficulty, to preserve peace between England and foreign nations. The motion was warmly opposed by Sir James Graham and others, and was advocated with equal zeal. Lord PALMERSTON defended the foreign policy of the government in a speech of five hours, marked by great ability and eloquence. After going over the whole ground fully and in detail, he concluded by challenging the verdict of the house, whether the principles which had guided the foreign policy of the government had been proper and fitting, and whether, as a subject of ancient Rome could hold himself free from indignity by saying, "Civis Romanus sum," a British subject in a foreign country should not be protected by the vigilant eye and the strong arm of his government against injustice and wrong. The debate was then adjourned, and had not been re

of the month is the sudden death of Sir ROBERT PEEL. On the 29th of June he had called at Buckingham Palace to pay his respects to the Queen, and was riding away upon horseback, when his horse swerved slightly and threw him to the ground; he fell sideways, striking upon his left shoulder. He was at once raised up by several gentlemen who rushed to his assistance, and said that he was very much hurt indeed. He was taken to his residence and received all the attention of the highest surgical skill, which, however, was less effective than would have been anticipated on account of the intense pain which he suffered. He lingered until near midnight of the 2d July, when he expired. A partial examination of his body showed that one of his ribs had been broken and was pressing upon his lungs. His family declined a public funeral tendered by the government, and his remains were interred at Tamworth. Both houses of Parliament adjourned, and demonstrations of profound regret and respect for his character were general. An outline of his life and political career will be found in the preced-sumed at our latest advices. The ministry seems ing pages of this Magazine. His death is justly considered an event of great political importance. It was generally anticipated that he would soon be called upon to resume the office of prime minister, and universal confidence was felt in his large experience, his eminent ability, and his intimate acquaintance with the condition and events of the United Kingdom.

The Greek question was still under discussion at our last advices: it has led to events of no small importance in connection with the politics of England and the fundamental principles of the British constitution. On the 17th of June, in the House of Lords, Lord STANLEY moved a resolution censuring the government for having adopted coercive measures to enforce claims against Greece, doubtful in point of justice or exaggerated in amount. He supported his motion at great length, entering into a detailed history of the whole matter, and accusing the government of having, through its foreign minister, insisted on exorbitant demands, oppressed the weak, and endangered the peace of Europe. He was sustained by the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Brougham and others, and was answered by the Marquis of LANSDOWNE who, with others, defended the government. The resolution was carried by 169 to 132, showing a majority against the government of 37. On the 20th, Mr. ROEBUCK called the attention of the Commons to the vote of the Lords, and desired to know whether the government would adopt any special course of conduct in consequence of it. Lord JOHN RUSSELL replied that they should not alter their course in respect to foreign powers at all, and that they did not feel called upon to resign because the House of Lords had passed a vote of censure. That house did not represent the nation: whenever the House of Commons should adopt such a resolution the ministry would quit office. On the 24th, for the purpose of enabling the Commons to express their opinion upon the

very firmly to have taken the position that England can be governed without the House of Lords, and that its foreign policy is not to be shaped according to their wishes, but according to the popular will, as represented by the Commons. This position indicates the strong tendency which prevails in England even, toward popular and democratic government. Lord John Russell, on the 20th, also remarked, in reply to the intimation that the foreign policy of the government was calculated to foment differences between England and other nations, that he could answer for it that Lord Palmerston, so long as he should continue in office, would act not as a minister of Austria, Russia, France, or any other country, but as the minister of England. The declaration was received with great applause, not only in the house but throughout the country. It is understood that the diplomatic misunderstanding between France and England, growing out of the Greek question, has been settled.

No other business of general interest in this country has been before Parliament during the month. Inquiries were made in both Houses as to the Cuban expedition, and the ministers stated that it was fitted out against the most strenuous efforts of the American government, which has, nevertheless, been very strongly censured for its inability to prevent it.- -The government has issued orders restricting very considerably the posting and delivery of letters on Sunday, which has elicited very clamorous complaints in every part of the country. Lord BROUGHAM in speaking of the matter in Parliament, doubted the power of the government to issue such orders, and said that it was causing a vast increase of Sunday travel and work throughout the kingdom, as messengers were now dispatched to obtain indispensable intelligence formerly received by mail. Lord Ashley had carried a motion in the House of Lords to suppress Sunday labor in the post-office, by a

vote of 93 to 68.- -Sir Edward Buxton on the 31st of June, moved a resolution against exposing the free-grown sugar of the British colonies to unrestricted competition with the sugar of slave-trading countries. It failed, however, by 275 to 234.-A bill prohibiting intra-mural interments, has passed the Commons. The remaining transactions of Parliament have no general interest.

Nor would this appear to be impossible, assum ing detention in the ice to have been the only danger, and that continued means of subsistence were accessible.The Steamer Orion, plying between Liverpool and Glasgow, was wrecked June 18th, off Port Patrick, in a smooth sea, by striking upon a rock, and over two hundred lives were lost.The baptism of the infan' prince was celebrated June 22d, the Duke of Wellington being one of the sponsors, and the ceremony being performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, who named the royal infant,

The Queen while riding with the Prince in an open carriage, on the 27th of June, was struck across the face by a respectably dressed man, armed with a small cane. Her bonnet" Arthur William Patrick Albert." was cut through, and a severe wound was inflicted upon her forehead. She attended the opera, however, in the evening, and was received with great enthusiasm. The assailant proved to be a discharged officer, named Robert Pate, subject to attacks of insanity. He was tried, convicted, and sentenced to transportation for seven years. Very shortly, fifteen screw steamers will ply between Liverpool and various ports in the Mediterranean.- -Meyerbeer, the composer, has received the degree of Doctor from the University of Jena.- -Dr. GUTZLAFF, who is preaching at Berlin and at Potsdam, on behalf of the Chinese mission, expresses a confident hope that the Emperor of Japan will be converted to Christianity.- -Mr. CORBOULD, the artist, has received the commands of her Majesty to paint a large picture of the grand coronation scene in the opera of "La Prophete," as represented at the Royal Italian Opera, Covent-garden. Mr. GIBSON, of Rome, now in England, has received an order for a colossal group, in marble, of figures of her Majesty, Queen Victoria, supported on either side by Justice and Clemency. The figure of the queen will be ten feet in height; the side figures, eight feet. This group will occupy a place in the new Houses of Parliament.The Duke of CAMBRIDGE died on the 8th of July. He was the seventh and youngest son of George III., and was seventy-six years old at the time of his death.

Many accidents to vessels in the Northern Atlantic have arisen during the season from floating icebergs. The ship Oriental, of Liverpool, was lost, with all her crew and cargo from this cause, on the 27th of April; and on the 29th of March, the English ship Signet, with all on board, also foundered. Eighteen or twenty other vessels are known to have been lost in the same manner, their crews having escaped. New hopes of the safety of Sir John Franklin have been suggested by these reports. It is supposed that these vast fields of ice are portions of the slowly released masses, the growth of many preceding winters, which were first broken two winters ago by the strong southwest and southerly gales over all the North Atlantic and North Pacific; but which, in consequence of their bulk and extent, were again condensed before they could be fairly swept into the Atlantic, and thus offered continued obstruction to the release of Franklin and his ships.

The English Literary IntelligENCE of the month is summed up in the Household Narrative, from which mainly we copy. It remarks that the class of books which has received the largest additions, is that of biography. Mr. Edmund Phipps has published extracts from the diaries and literary remains of the author of Tremaine, with biographical and critical comment, under the title of "Memoirs of the Political and Literary Life of Robert Plumer Ward;" and the book has been made more interesting than the subject would have seemed to promise, by the fact of Mr. Ward's intimate connection, both in private and public life, with the leading tory statesmen of the administrations of Addington, Perceval, and Liverpool. The political and administrative characteristics of the Duke of Wellington have probably never had suck vivid illustration.—Mr. Leigh Hunt has published his "Autobiography, with Reminiscences of Friends and Contemporaries,” of which very copious extracts were given in the July number of this Magazine. It will be issued in a few days from the press of the Harpers. Some of it is the republication of a former work, but the greater part is original, or at least so changed by interpolations, recantations, or additions, as to produce the effect of novelty.The Reverend Mr. Field, an enthusiast for the separate and silent system of imprisonment, has published a new Life of Howard, dedicated to Prince Albert, of which the design appears to be to counteract the evil tendency of a recent memoir of the philanthropist, remarkable for what the reverend enthusiast calls “the advocacy of democratic principles, and the aspersion of a godly prince.". -Each in a goodly-sized volume, we have had a sort of general biographical notice of Celebrated Etonians, and of Speakers of the House of Commons, the first by an able man, quite competent to the subject.—Miss Pardoe has edited the first volume of a series of Memoirs of the Queens of Spain, of which the author is a Spanish lady, resident in America. An ingenious northern antiquary has published memorials of one of the old border mansions, called Dilston Hall, which amounts in eflect tc an interesting Memoir of the Earl of Derwentwater, who suffered in the Jacobite rebellion. And, finally, Mr. Andrew Bisset has done good service to both history and biography by a very careful publication of the Memoirs and Papers

of Sir Andrew Mitchell, Lord Chatham's embas- | sador at the court of Frederic the Great, and one of the very ablest of English diplomatists.

Considerable interest was excited by the unswathing of an Egyptian mummy at the resi dence of Lord Londesborough, at which Mr. To the department of philosophy a somewhat Birch of the British Museum, describing the remarkable contribution is to be noticed, under embalming process, and following in this the the title of The Progress of the Intellect as ex- narrative of Herodotus, said the subject had emplified in the religious development of the evidently suffered from the use of bitumen and Greeks and Hebrews. The writer is Mr. Robert the application of heat, as the bones were charWilliam Mackay. Its design is to explain by red and the muscles calcined. DR. CORMACK a rationalistic process all the religious faiths has published a letter in the Athenæum expressand beliefs which have exerted the greatest ing and sustaining the opinion that all mummies influence over man, and to refer them exclusive- were prepared in this way. -A recent number ly to moral and intellectual development. In of Galignani contains an interesting item of inthis design the writer may, or may not, have telligence. It may be remembered that GOETHE succeeded; but it is certain, making all draw- in 1827 delivered over to the keeping of the backs on the score of what has probably been Government of Weimar a quantity of his papers, borrowed from German investigation, that the contained in a sealed casket, with an injunction book has high pretensions to eloquence and re- not to open it until 1850. The 17th of May search, and reminds us of a time when publica- being fixed for breaking the seals, the authorition was less frequent than now, and a single ties gave formal notice to the family of Goethe book might embody the labor of a life. For its that they would on that day deliver up the antidote in respect of opinion and purpose there papers as directed by the deceased poet. The has been published, not inopportunely, after a descendants of the poet Schiller also received an peaceful slumber of nearly two centuries in the intimation that, as the papers were understood to library at Wotton, A Rational Account of the concern their ancestor likewise, they had a right True Religion, by John Evelyn. Here the de- to be present. The casket was opened with all sign is, by all possible arguments and authori- due form, and was found to contain the whole of ties, to confirm our faith in Christianity. the correspondence between Goethe and Schiller. It is added, that these letters are immediately to be published, according to directions found in the casket. A new society has recently been formed in London for the investigation of the laws and nature of epidemic diseases, of which Dr. Babington has been chosen President. Another has been instituted for the collection of facts, observations, &c., in Meteorology, of which Mr. Whitbread is to be the first President.ROGERS the poet was severely injured by being knocked down by a cab in the streets of London. Being 87 years old his case was considered precarious, though at the last accounts he seems to have partially recovered.-Several meetings have been held at the house of Mr. Justice COLERIDGE for the purpose of initiating a subscription to do honor, in some form, to the memory of Wordsworth, and have resulted in the formation of a powerful committee, with the Bishop of London at its head. The objects which this committee have in view are-to place a whole length effigy of the deceased poet in Westminster Abbey-and, if possible, to erect some monument to his memory in the neighborhood of Grasmere. The list of subscriptions is headed by the Queen and her Royal Consort, with a sum of £50.- -Some singular decisions have recently been made by the Vice Chancellor. It seems that a Mr. Hartley deceased in 1843, left directions in his will that £300 should be set apart as a prize for the best Essay on "Natural Theology," treating it as a substantive science, and as adequate to constitute a true, perfect, and philosophical system of universal religion. It was ruled by the Vice Chancellor that this bequest was void, on account of the evident tendency which the essay so described would have to demoralize society and subvert the church.

We must speak very summarily and briefly of the publications in general literature. Of books of travel and adventure, the most attractive and interesting in point of subject is, Five Years of a Hunter's Life in the Far Interior of South Africa, by Mr. Roualeyn Gordon Cumming, a kinsman of the Chief of Argyll, in whom a love of deer-stalking seems to have gradually expanded into dimensions too gigantic to be satisfied with any thing less than the stalking of the lion, the elephant, the hippopotamus, the giraffe, or the rhinoceros. The book is filled with astonishing incidents and anecdotes, and keeps the reader very nearly as breathless with excitement as the elephant and lion-hunter himself must have been. Copious extracts from the work will be found in the preceding pages of this number.Mr. Aubrey de Vere has published some very graceful Picturesque Sketches of Greece and Turkey; and the brave and highminded old General Pepe has given the world, A Narrative of Scenes and Events in Italy from 1847 to 1849. Mr. Johnson, the distinguished geographer of Edinburgh, has issued the most complete General Gazetteer of the World that has yet been comprised in a single volume; and as part of the republication of the treatises of the Encyclopædia Metropolitana, in separate and portable volumes, we have to mention an interesting volume on Greek Literature by Mr. Justice Talfourd, the Bishop of London, and other accomplished scholars.- -In poetical translation, a new version of Eschylus by Professor Blackie, of Aberdeen, has been issued; and in poetry, with the title of In Memoriam, a noble and affecting series of elegies to the memory of a friend (son of the historian Hallam), from the pen of Mr. Alfred Tennyson.