Parakrama-Bahu, K., 316; K. Buja,
354; K. Dharma, 317; K. Pandita,
354

Paramā-kanda inscriptions, 438
Parana Nuwara, 397, 251ff.; anti-
quity, 252; importance, 252;
Kumāra Dhātu-Sēna burnt, 253;
murder of general, 254; Parakrama
Bahu I at it, 253, 254; site, 252;
water-supply, 252

Parumaka, a Chief, position of, 331,

440

Parvati, 135, 156, 206

Pāsu wihāra, 420, 423

Paswāsi game, 621

Pātāla, lower world, 138, 142

Pathama Cētiya, age, 262; comme-
morative, 275; site, 275
Paṭṭa-giri, disease demoness, 166
Pattini, goddess Kannaki, 115,
150, 151, 200, 631 ff.; fire-walking
ceremony, 141, 633; incarnation of
Durgā, 151, 633; Kiri Ammā,
667; seven forms, 151, 633,
634; story of, 631 ff.
Pāvat-kulam, 243, 371 ff., 410; age,

376; bridge, 243, 374; size, 373.
374; works, 374 ff.

Paving at dagabas, 264, 277, 280,

296, 315, 317, 319; cost, 305, 308
Peacock on coins, 307; lucky emblem,
507

Pearls, bored, in dāgabas, 285, 335;

auspicious, 292, 473
Pēddawa inscription, 253

Possession by deity on taking em-
blems, 189, 197; by Rākshasas, 5
Postima Baṇḍāra, 144, 154
Potter's wheel, 562

Pottery, inscribed, 461

Powell, R. A., on ancient brick-work,
376, 377

Pradhāna Nuwarawal, manuscript,
introduction of buffaloes, 562;
Gaja-Bahu's age at accession, 455;
Panduwas Nuwara, 355
Primitive deity of Ceylon, 134, 147,
155, 177 ff., 186 ff.; see Galē Deviyā
and Galē Yakā

Princes become Yakās, 633
Proportions of dāgabas, 336, 337, 341
Prosperity of country due to excel-
lence of ruler, 95, 492
Pudana Vaedi Yakā, 145
Puhulmutu game, 594
Pūjāvaliya, 11

Pulayars, fire-making, 57; may have
been cannibals, 21

Pulikara Tēvan, Vaedda name of
Skanda, 133

Pulindas-Vaeddas, 20, 24, 99; K., 99
Punṇaka, 140

Puradēva, 27, 135

Pūrană or Pūrnā, wife of Ayiyanār,
148

Purānas, 328, 466, 469; Anuradha-
pura, 463, 472, 473; imported,
463; in early dãgabas, 459, 460;
Mulleittivu, 460, 466, 469 ff.; not
state coinage, 520; proof of early
trade, 464; rate of erosion, 465;
symbols, 464, 469 ff.; symbols ex-
plained, 506 ff.,518-520; two types,
466; weight, 464

Pusamittă, Vaedi princess, 23
Pushkalā, wife of Ayiyanär, 148
Pushyagupta, made reservoir, 349
Pusmaraga Kiri Ammā, Vaedda deity
137

Puzzles, 622

Quatrefages, M. de, on cranium as

test of intellect, 110
Queens in Ceylon, 151
Quiver, 541

Races with black skins, 41, 46
Rājaratnākara, 11

Rāja-Sinha, enlisted Vaeddas, 29
Rājāvaliya, II

Rājāyatana tree of Sumana, wor-
shipped by Nāgas, 13, 14, 425
Rajini, Q., presented silk-covering
for dagaba, 281

Rahu, dragon, 136; vāhana and

emblems, 141; Vaedda deity, 141
Rainfall, abnormal, 369

Rainy seasons, 347

Rakshasas, capital, 5; early ideas of,
3-6; guardians, 5, 28, 269; in
Arabian nights, 7; in Ceylon, 5;
in folk-tales, 7; in Ordinances of
Manu, 5; pools, 657; Rāmāyana, 5
Rama, conquers Ceylon, 7; Laksh-
mana assists him, 668; story
mythical, 9

Rāmāyana, 11; knowledge of Cey-

lon, 8; money well known, 468;
Yakshas on Mahendra Mt. and
Ritigala, II

Rāvana, Rakshasa K., occupied Cey-
lon, 7

Ranagiriya, inscription, 180; legend,
179

Rank of Vaeddas, 98 ff.

-

Rankirimaḍa wihāra, inscription, 449
Ratanavali Ruwanwaeli, 279
Read, C. H., on early bead, 334; on
stone implements, 64
Relic-chambers in dãgabas, 264, 265,
278, 285, 298, 328, 332, 334
Relics in dagabas, 263, 276, 278, 279,
294, 298, 315, 324, 328, 331, 335
Relief, false, characteristic of Indian
and Sinhalese art, 475
Religious ceremonies of Vaeddas, 162
Re-marriage of widows, 16, 422, 450

Reservoirs tanks. Construction a
religious duty, 350; earliest re-
corded in Ceylon, 351; first recor-
ded in Euphrates valley, 348;
great reservoirs first made by
Sinhalese, 349; invention of valve-
pit, 379; knowledge acquired from
S. India, 349

Abhaya-waewa, 360; Anuradha's
tank, 351; Batalagoda-waewa,
397; Digha-vāpi, 396; Dūratissa
tank, 393; Gāmaņi-vāpi, 364;
Giant's tank, 219, 247-251; Jaya-
vāpi, 363; Kandiya-kaṭṭu, 318,
396; Kaṭiyawa, 219, 381; Mahadă-
ragalla, 409; Maha Kanadara-
waewa, 382; Minnēriya tank, 381;
Nāccādūwa tank, 405; Nuwara-
waewa, 400; other early reservoirs,
219, 409; Padawiya, 212, 383;
Paṇḍa-vāpi, 409; Paṇḍā-waewa,
353; Pāvat-kulam, 371; Periya-
kaṭṭu-kulam, 247; Periya-kulam,
369; Sangili Kanadara tank, 383;
Siyambalan-gamuwa tank, 225;
southern reservoirs, 386; Talagalla,
258; Tissa-waewa, 364; Tissa-
waewa, S., 388; Uruwēla tank, 246,
249, 251; Yoda-kandiya tank, 394;
Yoda-waewa, 390, 393; Vavuņik-
kulam, 365

Rhinoceros on coins, 514

Ribeyro, on skin clothing of Vaeddas,
39

Rice and barley, children of Heaven,
649

Rice not known to aborigines, 108
Ridi wihara, 256; ancient names, 528,

530; inscriptions, 526–530; panels
in pillars, 526; silver found, 255,
528; statue carved, 528
Riri or Siri Yakā, 145
Ritigala, 8, 179, 205; inscriptions,
444, 451

Riți bark, bag, 54; clothing, 39, 106;
for roofing, 48, 49, 75

River on coins, 514

Rock-dancing ceremony, 189, 190,
191, 194, 197 ff.

Roofs over dågabas, 264, 270, 311,
313, 321
Rudra, 203-206

Rugama tank, cup-holes, 231
Ruwanwaeli dăgaba, 279, 497; ele-
phant reliefs, 284; flower altar, 293:
YY

315; colour and emblems, 668;
guardian of E. Ceylon, 668
Samaya Yakā, 145

Sanchi, date of dāgaba, 213; bricks,

213, 214; reliefs-axe, 542, 555;
chariots, 547; shield, 544
Sandagiri dagaba, 324, 327
Sanghamitta Thūpa, 278
Sangha-Tissa, K., 280

Sangili Kanadara-waewa, 383; age,

385; size, 386; works, 385, 386
Sankha Sēnāpati, general, 254
Sanni Yakā, 144

Sarabhu, monk, built dãgaba, 315
Sarasin, Drs., discoveries of stone im-
plements, 31, 63; on their age, 64
Saraswati, goddess, a Kiri Ammā,
667

Sati not practised in Ceylon, 16
Sat Rajjuruwo, deified K. Mahā-Sēna,
28, 76, 139, 158, 170, 172
Saturankam game, 605

Saw, 557

Scabbard, 531

Schliemann, Dr. H., discovery of
earliest swastika, 491; designs on
whorls, 643, 661

Siga games, African and Arabian,
603, 604, 608; Indian, 407

Sigiriya dāgaba, 258

Siha-Bāhu, K., father of Wijaya, 29
Sihala Sinhala, name of Ceylon, 29,
242

Sihapura, capital of Siha-Bāhu, 236;

birthplace of K. Niśśanka Malla,
250; town near Polannaruwa, 238
Silākāla, K., removed Nāgas' gem-
set-throne, 425

Sila Sobbha Kandaka dågaba
Lankārāma dāgaba, 304
Sila Thūpa

-

- Sēla caitya, 297

-

Sinhalese chronicles, general accu-
racy, 9; date, 10

Sinhalese, western, differ from Kan-
dians, 30; exposed to foreign
influences, 30

Silver in Vēdas, 467

Siri Kaḍawara Yaksani, Vaedda
deity, 145

Siri-Naga, K., 280, 322
Sirivatthapura, a Vaedda town, 17,
23, 235; site of battle, 24
Siriwaḍḍhana Nuwara, 254; Daļadā
Maligawa, 258; festival of tooth
relic, 255, 260; former identifica-
tion of site, 254, 257; site, 258
Siri Yakā, 145
Sistrum, 506

Sită, a Kiri Ammā, 667

Site of dăgaba found by animals, 331

56

Sea god, 138, 146; goddess, 667

yanar, 147; killed Guha, 149;
origin of his sons, 156

Skanda, 133, 143, 145; birth, 157,
206; cures sickness, 667; forest
god, 150, 169; god of hill tribes,
44; guardian deity, 499, 500,
517; guardian of S. Ceylon, 668;
temple guarded by Vaeddas, 103;
vahana, 157, 507

Skulls, Vaeddas and Sinhalese, 43
Sluice, 356, 359, 362, 365, 371, 375 ff.

385, 401 ff., 407

Smelting furnaces, ancient, 66
Smith, V. A., on date of Aśōka, 456;

early coinage, 450; Purānas, 465
Smither, J. G., on dāgabas, 264, 268,
286, 288, 296, 307, 309, 312,
321; statue at Ambatthala, 320;
Thūpārama pillars, 267

Snake, as guardian, 493, 507, 512; on
coins, 512, 516

Sohon or Sōna Yakā, 145, 667
Sokkaṭṭān game, 619

Soldiers, carvings of, 526, 534, 545
moon, guardian against de-

Sōma

-

mons, 4, 510

Sōmana Malaka dāgaba, 278

Sōmavati dāgaba, 330

Sōnāru game, 614

Sonnamåli Ruwanwaeli, 279

-

Sorabora tank, guarded by Wanni
Deviya, 159

Spear, 523, 534, 549; an amulet, 538
Spelicans, 576

Spencer and Gillen, Messrs., on fire-
making, 56
Spindle, 563

Spinning wheel, 562

Spirits, evil, mystic symbolism against

521; necessity for guarding against,
520; number in Ceylon, 521
Square on coins, 657; meaning, 647
Starvation of Yakā, 153
Statues, wooden, durability, 334
Stelae at religious edifices, 290, 499
Still, J., on coins, 490, 505; discovery
of stone implements, 63
Stilts, 630

Stone, arrow-heads, 64, 66; axes not
found in Ceylon, 66, 67; cutting,
early, 227; implements, 31, 62-65,
221; statue, early, 222
Stone-bow, 541

Śri Vikrama Rāja Sinha, K., a Baṇ-

dāra, 154

Sukara Nijjhara dam, 258

Sula, torch, a magical diagram, 517

Sword, 523, 524, 526, 530, 531, 539,
548, 549

Sword-bearer, State official, 524
Symbols, at inscriptions, 428, 430,

431, 438, 439, 441, 443, 446, 448,
449, 450, 453, 454, 516, 657; Bud-
dhist, borrowed, 519; portion
represents the whole, 659

Symbols on coins. Arched structure,
506, 507; Aum monogram, 504,
505; beads, 507; Bhairava, 515;
bident, 500; bow and arrow, 516;
bull, recumbent, 494; bull, stand-
ing, 511, 519; chatta, 500; circle,
499, 517; cobra, 500; crescent,
506, 509, 518; cross, 502, 517, 518;
dagaba, 509; deities, 499, 517;
disk and crescent, 516; disk on
post, 501, 502; dog, 513, 519;
double triangle, 499; double tri-
sūla, 501; double trident, 506;
elephant, 506, 510; figure, seated,
494 ff.; figure standing, 499; fish,
514; flower stem, 499; fly-whisk,
470, 296; frog, 514, 519; goat,
515; hand-drum, 518; horse, 514;
javelin, 500; lingam, 519; lion,
515; monastery, 519; moon, 509;
mound of beads, 509; peacock,
507; pentacle, 499; rhinoceros,
514; river, 514, 519; sistrum, 506,
507; snake, 490, 507, 512, 516;