Mathematical Models: Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic FlowThe author uses mathematical techniques along with observations and experiments to give an in-depth look at models for mechanical vibrations, population dynamics, and traffic flow. Equal emphasis is placed on the mathematical formulation of the problem and the interpretation of the results. In the sections on mechanical vibrations and population dynamics, the author emphasizes the nonlinear aspects of ordinary differential equations and develops the concepts of equilibrium solutions and their stability. He introduces phase plane methods for the nonlinear pendulum and for predator-prey and competing species models. Haberman develops the method of characteristics to analyze the nonlinear partial differential equations that describe traffic flow. Fan-shaped characteristics describe the traffic situation that occurs when a traffic light turns green and shock waves describe the effects of a red light or traffic accident. Although it was written over 20 years ago, this book is still relevant. It is intended as an introduction to applied mathematics, but can be used for undergraduate courses in mathematical modeling or nonlinear dynamical systems or to supplement courses in ordinary or partial differential equations. |
From inside the book
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Page viii
... Phase Plane of a Linear Oscillator 70 Phase Plane of a Nonlinear Pendulum 76 Can a Pendulum Stop? 82 What Happens if a Pendulum is Pushed Too Hard? ....................................... .. 84 Period of a Nonlinear Pendulum 87 ...
... Phase Plane of a Linear Oscillator 70 Phase Plane of a Nonlinear Pendulum 76 Can a Pendulum Stop? 82 What Happens if a Pendulum is Pushed Too Hard? ....................................... .. 84 Period of a Nonlinear Pendulum 87 ...
Page ix
... Phase Plane, Equilibrium, and Linearization ...................................................... .. 187 System of Two Constant Coefficient First—Order Differential Equations 191 A. Method of Elimination 192 B. Systems Method (using ...
... Phase Plane, Equilibrium, and Linearization ...................................................... .. 187 System of Two Constant Coefficient First—Order Differential Equations 191 A. Method of Elimination 192 B. Systems Method (using ...
Page xii
... phase plane is introduced to discuss nonlinear phenomena. Discrete models for population growth are also presented, and when teaching in recent years I have supplemented the book with a discussion of iterations of the logistic map and ...
... phase plane is introduced to discuss nonlinear phenomena. Discrete models for population growth are also presented, and when teaching in recent years I have supplemented the book with a discussion of iterations of the logistic map and ...
Page xiv
... Phase plane methods are introduced and linearization procedures are explained in both parts. On the other hand, the mathematical models of traffic flow involve first-order (nonlinear) partial differential equations, and hence are ...
... Phase plane methods are introduced and linearization procedures are explained in both parts. On the other hand, the mathematical models of traffic flow involve first-order (nonlinear) partial differential equations, and hence are ...
Page 3
... of a spring-mass system. The nonlinear frictionless pendulum and spring-mass systems are briefly studied, stressing the concepts of equilibrium and stability (Secs. 17—18), before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs.
... of a spring-mass system. The nonlinear frictionless pendulum and spring-mass systems are briefly studied, stressing the concepts of equilibrium and stability (Secs. 17—18), before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs.
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Mathematical Models: Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic ... Richard Haberman No preview available - 1998 |
Common terms and phrases
amplitude analysis applied approximately Assume birth calculated called cars characteristics Consider constant continuous corresponding curve decreases delay depends derived described determine differential equation discussed distance energy equal equilibrium population equilibrium position equivalent example exercise experiments expression Figure first fish flow force formulate friction function given growth rate hence highway illustrated increases initial initial conditions integral isoclines known length light limit linear manner mass mathematical model maximum measured method motion moving nonlinear number of cars observer obtained occurs oscillation partial differential equation pendulum period phase plane possible probability problem region result roots sharks shock Show shown in Fig simple sketched sketched in Fig solution solve species spring spring-mass system stable straight line Suppose tion traffic density traflic trajectories unstable variables velocity yields zero