Mathematical Models: Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic FlowThe author uses mathematical techniques along with observations and experiments to give an in-depth look at models for mechanical vibrations, population dynamics, and traffic flow. Equal emphasis is placed on the mathematical formulation of the problem and the interpretation of the results. In the sections on mechanical vibrations and population dynamics, the author emphasizes the nonlinear aspects of ordinary differential equations and develops the concepts of equilibrium solutions and their stability. He introduces phase plane methods for the nonlinear pendulum and for predator-prey and competing species models. Haberman develops the method of characteristics to analyze the nonlinear partial differential equations that describe traffic flow. Fan-shaped characteristics describe the traffic situation that occurs when a traffic light turns green and shock waves describe the effects of a red light or traffic accident. Although it was written over 20 years ago, this book is still relevant. It is intended as an introduction to applied mathematics, but can be used for undergraduate courses in mathematical modeling or nonlinear dynamical systems or to supplement courses in ordinary or partial differential equations. |
From inside the book
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Page viii
... Energy 61 Energy Curves 67 Phase Plane of a Linear Oscillator 70 Phase Plane of a Nonlinear Pendulum 76 Can a Pendulum Stop? 82 What Happens if a Pendulum is Pushed Too Hard? ....................................... .. 84 Period of a ...
... Energy 61 Energy Curves 67 Phase Plane of a Linear Oscillator 70 Phase Plane of a Nonlinear Pendulum 76 Can a Pendulum Stop? 82 What Happens if a Pendulum is Pushed Too Hard? ....................................... .. 84 Period of a ...
Page 3
... spring-mass system. The nonlinear frictionless pendulum and spring-mass systems are briefly studied, stressing the concepts of equilibrium and stability (Secs. 17—18), before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs. 3.
... spring-mass system. The nonlinear frictionless pendulum and spring-mass systems are briefly studied, stressing the concepts of equilibrium and stability (Secs. 17—18), before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs. 3.
Page 4
Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic Flow Richard Haberman. before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs. 19-20). Examples of nonlinear frictionless oscillators are worked out in detail (Secs. 21-25) ...
Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic Flow Richard Haberman. before energy principles and phase plane analysis are used (Secs. 19-20). Examples of nonlinear frictionless oscillators are worked out in detail (Secs. 21-25) ...
Page 61
... Energy In the previous section, we were able to analyze the solution of dzx m??? = —f (x) (19.1) in the neighborhood of an equilibrium position. Here we continue the investigation of this nonlinear equation representing a spring-mass ...
... Energy In the previous section, we were able to analyze the solution of dzx m??? = —f (x) (19.1) in the neighborhood of an equilibrium position. Here we continue the investigation of this nonlinear equation representing a spring-mass ...
Page 62
... energy, remains the same throughout the motion; it is said to be conserved. Especially in cases in which f (x) does not have a simple integral, it is often more advantageous to do a definite integration from the initial position xo with ...
... energy, remains the same throughout the motion; it is said to be conserved. Especially in cases in which f (x) does not have a simple integral, it is often more advantageous to do a definite integration from the initial position xo with ...
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Mathematical Models: Mechanical Vibrations, Population Dynamics, and Traffic ... Richard Haberman No preview available - 1998 |
Common terms and phrases
amplitude analysis applied approximately Assume birth calculated called cars characteristics Consider constant continuous corresponding curve decreases delay depends derived described determine differential equation discussed distance energy equal equilibrium population equilibrium position equivalent example exercise experiments expression Figure first fish flow force formulate friction function given growth rate hence highway illustrated increases initial initial conditions integral isoclines known length light limit linear manner mass mathematical model maximum measured method motion moving nonlinear number of cars observer obtained occurs oscillation partial differential equation pendulum period phase plane possible probability problem region result roots sharks shock Show shown in Fig simple sketched sketched in Fig solution solve species spring spring-mass system stable straight line Suppose tion traffic density traflic trajectories unstable variables velocity yields zero